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Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (Graph-based RAG) has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) with structured knowledge. However, existing methods face three critical challenges: Inaccurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yubo Wang , Haoyang Li , Fei Teng , Lei Chen

Automated short answer grading (ASAG) is critical for scaling educational assessment, yet large language models (LLMs) often struggle with hallucinations and strict rubric adherence due to their reliance on generalized pre-training. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yucheng Chu , Haoyu Han , Shen Dong , Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Yasemin Copur-Gencturk , Joseph Krajcik , Namsoo Shin , Hui Liu

Graph-RAG improves LLM reasoning using structured knowledge, yet conventional designs rely on a centralized knowledge graph. In distributed and access-restricted settings (e.g., hospitals or multinational organizations), retrieval must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Longkun Li , Yuanben Zou , Jinghan Wu , Yuqing Wen , Jing Li , Hangwei Qian , Ivor Tsang

Extraction and interpretation of intricate information from unstructured text data arising in financial applications, such as earnings call transcripts, present substantial challenges to large language models (LLMs) even using the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Benika Hall , Rohan Rao , Sunil Patel , Stefano Pasquali , Dhagash Mehta

This paper presents OG-RAG, an Ontology-Grounded Retrieval Augmented Generation method designed to enhance LLM-generated responses by anchoring retrieval processes in domain-specific ontologies. While LLMs are widely used for tasks like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Kartik Sharma , Peeyush Kumar , Yunqing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at language understanding but remain limited in knowledge-intensive domains due to hallucinations, outdated information, and limited explainability. Text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) helps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Larissa Pusch , Alexandre Courtiol , Tim Conrad

As an important paradigm for enhancing the generation quality of Large Language Models (LLMs), retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) faces the two challenges regarding retrieval accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper presents a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zihang Li , Wenjun Liu , Yikun Zong , Jiawen Tao , Siying Dai , Songcheng Ren , Zirui Liu , Yuhang Wang , Yanbing Jiang , Tong Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models to provide more precise and pertinent responses by incorporating external knowledge. In the Query-Focused Summarization (QFS) task, GraphRAG-based approaches have notably…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Yubin Hong , Chaofan Li , Jingyi Zhang , Yingxia Shao

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) for health information seeking can pose severe risks due to the potential for misinformation and the complexity of these topics. This paper introduces KNOWNET a visualization system…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Youfu Yan , Yu Hou , Yongkang Xiao , Rui Zhang , Qianwen Wang

This study develops a question-answering system based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using Chinese Wikipedia and Lawbank as retrieval sources. Using TTQA and TMMLU+ as evaluation datasets, the system employs BGE-M3 for dense vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Te-Lun Yang , Jyi-Shane Liu , Yuen-Hsien Tseng , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) advances flat document retrieval by structuring knowledge as relational graphs, enabling more coherent and effective reasoning. However, applying it to specific domains like legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zerui Chen , Qinggang Zhang , Zhishang Xiang , Zhimin Wei , Linfeng Gao , Xiao Huang , Zhihong Zhang , Jinsong Su

Despite initial successes and a variety of architectures, retrieval-augmented generation systems still struggle to reliably retrieve and connect the multi-step evidence required for complicated reasoning tasks. Most of the standard RAG…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jovan Pavlović , Miklós Krész , László Hajdu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation but struggle with complex problems. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this issue by integrating external knowledge, yet retrieval models often miss relevant context, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shahd Seddik , Fahd Seddik , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh Fard , Minh Hieu Huynh , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances language models by incorporating external knowledge at inference time. However, graph-based RAG systems often suffer from structural overhead and imprecise retrieval: they require costly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiale Zhang , Jiaxiang Chen , Zhucong Li , Jie Ding , Kui Zhao , Zenglin Xu , Xin Pang , Yinghui Xu

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has proven highly effective in enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on tasks that require external knowledge. By leveraging Knowledge Graphs (KGs), GraphRAG improves…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ruiyi Yang , Hao Xue , Imran Razzak , Hakim Hacid , Flora D. Salim

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering but often struggle with hallucinations and shallow reasoning, particularly in tasks requiring nuanced clinical understanding. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Amir M. Rahmani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in web search and reasoning. However, their dependence on static training corpora makes them prone to factual errors and knowledge gaps. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jiasheng Xu , Mingda Li , Yongqiang Tang , Peijie Wang , Wensheng Zhang

As an effective method to boost the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on the question answering (QA) task, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which queries highly relevant information from external complex documents, has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Shu Wang , Yingli Zhou , Yixiang Fang

Knowledge graphs and large language models (LLMs) are key tools for biomedical knowledge integration and reasoning, facilitating structured organization of scientific articles and discovery of complex semantic relationships. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yichun Feng , Jiawei Wang , Ruikun He , Lu Zhou , Yixue Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation enhances language models by retrieving external knowledge to support informed and grounded responses. However, traditional RAG methods rely on fragment-level retrieval, limiting their ability to address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wenbiao Tao , Xinyuan Li , Yunshi Lan , Weining Qian