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Anomaly detection is a crucial task in complex distributed systems. A thorough understanding of the requirements and challenges of anomaly detection is pivotal to the security of such systems, especially for real-world deployment. While…

Graph foundation models (GFMs) have recently attracted interest due to the promise of graph neural network (GNN) architectures that generalize zero-shot across graphs of arbitrary scales, feature dimensions, and domains. While existing work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Benjamin Gutteridge , Michael Bronstein , Xiaowen Dong

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) has demonstrated great effectiveness in identifying unusual patterns within graph-structured data. However, while labeled anomalies are often scarce in emerging applications, existing supervised GAD approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Delaram Pirhayati , Arlei Silva

The increasing demand for robust security solutions across various industries has made Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) a critical task in applications such as intelligent surveillance, evidence investigation, and violence detection.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Sanggeon Yun , Ryozo Masukawa , William Youngwoo Chung , Minhyoung Na , Nathaniel Bastian , Mohsen Imani

Anomaly detection is widely used to distinguish system anomalies by analyzing the temporal and spatial features of wireless sensor network (WSN) data streams; it is one of critical technique that ensures the reliability of WSNs. Currently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Qinghao Zhang , Miao Ye , Hongbing Qiu , Yong Wang , Xiaofang Deng

The Fair Graph Anomaly Detection (FairGAD) problem aims to accurately detect anomalous nodes in an input graph while avoiding biased predictions against individuals from sensitive subgroups. However, the current literature does not…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Neng Kai Nigel Neo , Yeon-Chang Lee , Yiqiao Jin , Sang-Wook Kim , Srijan Kumar

Existing anomaly detection paradigms overwhelmingly focus on training detection models using exclusively normal data or unlabeled data (mostly normal samples). One notorious issue with these approaches is that they are weak in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Guansong Pang , Choubo Ding , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Few-Shot Industrial Visual Anomaly Detection (FS-IVAD) comprises a critical task in modern manufacturing settings, where automated product inspection systems need to identify rare defects using only a handful of normal/defect-free training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aggelos Psiris , Yannis Panagakis , Maria Vakalopoulou , Georgios Th. Papadopoulos

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) aims to identify nodes from a graph that are significantly different from normal patterns. Most previous studies are model-driven, focusing on enhancing the detection effect by improving the model structure.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Yitong Hao , Enbo He , Yue Zhang , Guisheng Yin

Representing networks as a graph and training a link prediction model using benign connections is an effective method of anomaly-based intrusion detection. Existing works using this technique have shown great success using temporal graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Isaiah J. King , Bernardo Trindade , Benjamin Bowman , H. Howie Huang

Anomaly detection (AD) plays a pivotal role across diverse domains, including cybersecurity, finance, healthcare, and industrial manufacturing, by identifying unexpected patterns that deviate from established norms in real-world data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yang Liu , Jing Liu , Chengfang Li , Rui Xi , Wenchao Li , Liang Cao , Jin Wang , Laurence T. Yang , Junsong Yuan , Wei Zhou

Graph-level anomaly detection aims to identify abnormal graphs that exhibit deviant structures and node attributes compared to the majority in a graph set. One primary challenge is to learn normal patterns manifested in both fine-grained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Chaoxi Niu , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen

Unified anomaly detection (AD) is one of the most challenges for anomaly detection, where one unified model is trained with normal samples from multiple classes with the objective to detect anomalies in these classes. For such a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xincheng Yao , Ruoqi Li , Zefeng Qian , Lu Wang , Chongyang Zhang

Graph autoencoders (Graph-AEs) learn representations of given graphs by aiming to accurately reconstruct them. A notable application of Graph-AEs is graph-level anomaly detection (GLAD), whose objective is to identify graphs with anomalous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Sunwoo Kim , Soo Yong Lee , Fanchen Bu , Shinhwan Kang , Kyungho Kim , Jaemin Yoo , Kijung Shin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in many scenarios with graph-structured data. However, in many real applications, there are three issues when applying GNNs: graphs are unknown, nodes have noisy features, and graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yixiang Shan , Jielong Yang , Xing Liu , Yixing Gao , Hechang Chen , Shuzhi Sam Ge

Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) are widely used in Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) due to their natural compatibility with graph structures, resulting in significant performance improvements. However, most researchers approach GAD as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Shelei Li , Yong Chai Tan , Tai Vincent

Water is the lifeblood of river networks, and its quality plays a crucial role in sustaining both aquatic ecosystems and human societies. Real-time monitoring of water quality is increasingly reliant on in-situ sensor technology. Anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Katie Buchhorn , Edgar Santos-Fernandez , Kerrie Mengersen , Robert Salomone

Graph-level anomaly detection (GLAD) aims to identify graphs that exhibit notable dissimilarity compared to the majority in a collection. However, current works primarily focus on evaluating graph-level abnormality while failing to provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yixin Liu , Kaize Ding , Qinghua Lu , Fuyi Li , Leo Yu Zhang , Shirui Pan

We reveal a one-class homophily phenomenon, which is one prevalent property we find empirically in real-world graph anomaly detection (GAD) datasets, i.e., normal nodes tend to have strong connection/affinity with each other, while the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Hezhe Qiao , Guansong Pang

Anomaly detection is a widely studied task for a broad variety of data types; among them, multiple time series appear frequently in applications, including for example, power grids and traffic networks. Detecting anomalies for multiple time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Enyan Dai , Jie Chen