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Explainability poses a major challenge to artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Current studies on explainable AI (XAI) lack the efficiency of extracting global knowledge about the learning task, thus suffer deficiencies such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Ruitao Xie , Jingbang Chen , Limai Jiang , Rui Xiao , Yi Pan , Yunpeng Cai

The widespread adoption of encrypted communication protocols such as HTTPS and TLS has enhanced data privacy but also rendered traditional anomaly detection techniques less effective, as they often rely on inspecting unencrypted payloads.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kalindi Singh , Aayush Kashyap , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Anomaly detection has wide applications in machine intelligence but is still a difficult unsolved problem. Major challenges include the rarity of labeled anomalies and it is a class highly imbalanced problem. Traditional unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Zhi Chen , Jiang Duan , Li Kang , Guoping Qiu

Anomaly detection has been an active research area with a wide range of potential applications. Key challenges for anomaly detection in the AI era with big data include lack of prior knowledge of potential anomaly types, highly complex and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Haoyang Cao , Xin Guo , Guan Wang

The remarkable advancements in Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have fueled enthusiasm for using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in almost every domain; however, the opaqueness of these algorithms put a question mark on their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 F. Hussain , R. Hussain , E. Hossain

Anomaly detection is critical for the secure and reliable operation of industrial control systems. As our reliance on such complex cyber-physical systems grows, it becomes paramount to have automated methods for detecting anomalies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Mayra Macas , Chunming Wu , Walter Fuertes

White-box AI (WAI), or explainable AI (XAI) model, a novel tool to achieve the reasoning behind decisions and predictions made by the AI algorithms, makes it more understandable and transparent. It offers a new approach to address key…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jiayao Yang , Jiayi Zhang , Bokai Xu , Jiakang Zheng , Zhilong Liu , Ziheng Liu , Dusit Niyato , Mérouane Debbah , Zhu Han , Bo Ai

The use of wearables in medicine and wellness, enabled by AI-based models, offers tremendous potential for real-time monitoring and interpretable event detection. Explainable AI (XAI) is required to assess what models have learned and build…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Maurice Kuschel , Solveig Vieluf , Claus Reinsberger , Tobias Loddenkemper , Tanuj Hasija

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasingly required in computational economics, where machine-learning forecasters can outperform classical econometric models but remain difficult to audit and use for policy. This survey…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-16 Agustín García-García , Pablo Hidalgo , Julio E. Sandubete

Despite the many attempts and approaches for anomaly detection explored over the years, the automatic detection of rare events in data communication networks remains a complex problem. In this paper we introduce Net-GAN, a novel approach to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Gastón García González , Pedro Casas , Alicia Fernández , Gabriel Gómez

A longstanding challenge surrounding deep learning algorithms is unpacking and understanding how they make their decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers methods to provide explanations of internal functions of algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Amin Nayebi , Sindhu Tipirneni , Brandon Foreman , Chandan K. Reddy , Vignesh Subbian

Explainable AI (XAI) and interpretable machine learning methods help to build trust in model predictions and derived insights, yet also present a perverse incentive for analysts to manipulate XAI metrics to support pre-specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Rahul Sharma , Sergey Redyuk , Sumantrak Mukherjee , Andrea Šipka , Eyke Hüllermeier , Sebastian Vollmer , David Selby

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an important area in the AI community, and interpretability is crucial for building robust and trustworthy AI models. While previous work has explored model-level and instance-level explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xudong Wang , Ziheng Sun , Chris Ding , Jicong Fan

Over the last two decades, a lot of work has been done in improving network security, particularly in intrusion detection systems (IDS) and anomaly detection. Machine learning solutions have also been employed in IDSs to detect known and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Sankha Das

Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks will demand artificial intelligence (AI) agents that are not only autonomous and efficient, but also capable of real-time adaptation in dynamic environments and transparent in their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Osman Tugay Basaran , Martin Maier , Falko Dressler

The black-box nature of artificial intelligence (AI) models has been the source of many concerns in their use for critical applications. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a rapidly growing research field that aims to create…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Gaith Rjoub , Jamal Bentahar , Omar Abdel Wahab , Rabeb Mizouni , Alyssa Song , Robin Cohen , Hadi Otrok , Azzam Mourad

In the burgeoning field of intelligent transportation systems, the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) into vehicular networks presents a transformative potential for the automotive industry. This paper explores the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Teef David , Kassi Muhammad , Kevin Nassisid , Bronny Farus

Research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is increasing, aiming to make deep learning models more transparent. Most XAI methods focus on justifying the decisions made by Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in security-relevant…

Recently, the introduction of the generative adversarial network (GAN) and its variants has enabled the generation of realistic synthetic samples, which has been used for enlarging training sets. Previous work primarily focused on data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-27 Swee Kiat Lim , Yi Loo , Ngoc-Trung Tran , Ngai-Man Cheung , Gemma Roig , Yuval Elovici

The interpretability of deep neural networks has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and several methods have been created to interpret the "black box" model. Fundamental limitations remain, however, that impede the pace of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Hao Xu , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang
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