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Large language models (LLMs) are predominantly used as evaluators for natural language generation (NLG) tasks, but their application to broader evaluation scenarios remains limited. In this work, we explore the potential of LLMs as general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jie Meng , Jin Mao

Despite the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in various reasoning tasks, they still struggle with table reasoning tasks, particularly in maintaining consistency throughout multi-step reasoning processes. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Peiying Yu , Guoxin Chen , Jingjing Wang

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising approach for improving code generation in large language models, but its effectiveness is limited by weak and static verification signals in existing coding RL datasets.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chi Ruan , Dongfu Jiang , Huaye Zeng , Ping Nie , Wenhu Chen

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to retrieve target images based on a hybrid query comprising a reference image and a modification text. Early dual-tower Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle with cross-modality compositional reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tianyu Yang , Chenwei He , Xiangzhao Hao , Tianyue Wang , Jiarui Guo , Haiyun Guo , Leigang Qu , Jinqiao Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Automation in software engineering increasingly relies on large language models (LLMs) to generate, review, and assess code artifacts. However, establishing LLMs as reliable evaluators remains an open challenge: human evaluations are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Ora Nova Fandina , Eitan Farchi , Shmulik Froimovich , Rami Katan , Alice Podolsky , Orna Raz , Avi Ziv

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, yet their improvement methods remain fundamentally constrained by human design. We present Self-Developing, a framework that enables LLMs to autonomously discover,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

We introduce the \textit{Extract-Refine-Retrieve-Read} (ERRR) framework, a novel approach designed to bridge the pre-retrieval information gap in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems through query optimization tailored to meet the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Youan Cong , Pritom Saha Akash , Cheng Wang , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Iteratively improving and repairing source code with large language models (LLMs), known as refinement, has emerged as a popular way of generating programs that would be too complex to construct in one shot. Given a bank of test cases,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Hao Tang , Keya Hu , Jin Peng Zhou , Sicheng Zhong , Wei-Long Zheng , Xujie Si , Kevin Ellis

Retrieve-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks have emerged as a promising solution to multi-hop question answering(QA) tasks since it enables large language models (LLMs) to incorporate external knowledge and mitigate their inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Xiangsen Chen , Xuming Hu , Nan Tang

Automatic program repair (APR) aims to reduce the manual efforts required to identify and fix errors in source code. Before the rise of LLM-based agents, a common strategy was to increase the number of generated patches, sometimes to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Fernando Vallecillos Ruiz , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Information retrieval (IR) systems have played a vital role in modern digital life and have cemented their continued usefulness in this new era of generative AI via retrieval-augmented generation. With strong language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shijie Chen , Bernal Jiménez Gutiérrez , Yu Su

We propose an approach for preventing unsafe or otherwise low-quality large language model (LLM) outputs by leveraging the stochasticity of LLMs, an approach we call Repeated Checking with Regeneration (RCR). In this system, LLM checkers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jake R. Watts , Joel Sokol

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in automatic code generation, yet their ability to produce high-performance code remains limited--a critical requirement in real-world software systems. We argue that current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jiuding Yang , Shengyao Lu , Hongxuan Liu , Shayan Shirahmad Gale Bagi , Zahra Fazel , Tomasz Czajkowski , Di Niu

This paper introduces a novel code-to-code search technique that enhances the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) by including both static and dynamic features as well as utilizing both similar and dissimilar examples during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Anthony Saieva , Saikat Chakraborty , Gail Kaiser

The increasing prevalence of software bugs has made automated program repair (APR) a key research focus. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for APR, but existing studies mostly rely on smaller, earlier-generation models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jiajun Sun , Fengjie Li , Xinzhu Qi , Hongyu Zhang , Jiajun Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays extensively used for various types of software engineering tasks, primarily code generation. Previous research has shown how suitable prompt engineering could help developers in improving their code…

Existing large language model (LLM)-based embeddings typically adopt an encoder-only paradigm, treating LLMs as static feature extractors and overlooking their core generative strengths. We introduce GIRCSE (Generative Iterative Refinement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yu-Che Tsai , Kuan-Yu Chen , Yuan-Chi Li , Yuan-Hao Chen , Ching-Yu Tsai , Shou-De Lin

Code generation is to automatically generate source code conforming to a given programming specification, which has received extensive attention especially with the development of large language models (LLMs). Due to the inherent difficulty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Xiangyu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate responses to questions; however, their effectiveness is often hindered by sub-optimal quality of answers and occasional failures to provide accurate responses to questions. To address these challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liang Zhang , Katherine Jijo , Spurthi Setty , Eden Chung , Fatima Javid , Natan Vidra , Tommy Clifford

Large language models have recently demonstrated remarkable abilities to self-correct their responses through iterative refinement, often referred to as self-consistency or self-reflection. However, the dynamics of this self-correction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Hossein A. Rahmani , Satyapriya Krishna , Xi Wang , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Emine Yilmaz