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Local shaping of the polarization state of a light beam is appealing for a number of applications. This can be achieved by employing devices containing birefringent materials. In this article, we present one such device that permits one to…

The geometric phase is a universal concept in modern physics and has enabled the development of metasurfaces for versatile wavefront shaping. However, its realization in metasurfaces has been restricted to circularly polarized light,…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-11 Yubin Gao , Qikai Chen , Yaoguang Ma

An optics-free method is proposed to generate X-ray radiation with spatially variant states of polarization via an afterburner extension to a Free Electron Laser (FEL). Control of the polarization in the transverse plane is obtained through…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Jenny Morgan , Erik Hemsing , Brian W. J. McNeil , Alison Yao

We study vector spaces associated to a family of generalized Euler integrals. Their dimension is given by the Euler characteristic of a very affine variety. Motivated by Feynman integrals from particle physics, this has been investigated…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Daniele Agostini , Claudia Fevola , Anna-Laura Sattelberger , Simon Telen

Polarization-preserving fibers maintain the two polarization states of an orthogonal basis. Quantum communication, however, requires sending at least two nonorthogonal states and these cannot both be preserved. We present a new scheme that…

The ideal imaging system would efficiently capture information about all fundamental properties light: intensity, direction, wavelength, and polarization. Most common imaging systems only map the spatial degrees of freedom of light onto a…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-26 Conner Ballew , Gregory Roberts , Andrei Faraon

Liquid crystals allow for the real-time control of the polarization of light. We describe and provide some experimental examples of the types of general polarization transformations, including universal polarization transformations, that…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-14 Alicia Sit , Lambert Giner , Ebrahim Karimi , Jeff S. Lundeen

We build a solvability theory of elliptic boundary-value problems in normed Sobolev spaces of generalized smoothness for any integrability exponent $p>1$. The smoothness is given by a number parameter and a supplementary function parameter…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Anna Anop , Aleksandr Murach

The geometric approach presented in this paper concerns the degree of polarization (DoP) of a random 3D statistical electromagnetic field. We use that a 3*3 coherency matrix can always be decomposed into an incoherent superposition of three…

We demonstrate an enhancement of the plane wave expansion method treating two-dimensional photonic crystals by applying Fourier factorization with generally elliptic polarization bases. By studying three examples of periodically arranged…

Optics · Physics 2010-12-16 Roman Antos , Martin Veis

We consider the effect of spatial correlations on sources of polarized electromagnetic radiation. The sources, assumed to be monochromatic, are constructed out of dipoles aligned along a line such that their orientation is correlated with…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 Abhishek Agarwal , Pankaj Jain , Jagdish Rai

Based on the operator formalism that arises from the underlying SU(2) group structure, a formula is derived that provides a description of the generalized Hermite-Laguerre Gauss modes in terms of a Jones vector, traditionally used to…

Optics · Physics 2019-08-06 R. Gutiérrez-Cuevas , M. R. Dennis , M. A. Alonso

In a general metric theory of gravitation in four dimensions, six polarizations of a gravitational wave are allowed: two scalar and two vector modes, in addition to two tensor modes in general relativity. Such additional polarization modes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya , Kazuhiro Hayama , Seiji Kawamura , Masa-aki Sakagami

The well-known mapping between 1D quasiperiodic systems and 2D integer quantum Hall matter can also be applied in the presence of driving. Here we explore the effect of time-varying electric fields on the transport properties and phase…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Yifei Bai , David M. Weld

Vectorial forms of structured light that are non-separable in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom have become topical of late, with an extensive toolkit for their creation and control. In contrast, the toolkit for quantifying…

Polarization of light beams is one of the most important physical phenomena. But up till now it was only described in the paraxial approximation in which it is considered to be a single degree of freedom that is characterized by the local…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-18 Chun-Fang Li

Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) detection is of vital significance in kinds of studies such as particle observation, mode-division multiplexing. Here we realize a comprehensive detection of cylindrical vector beams based on the rotational…

Optics · Physics 2021-12-28 Xiaoru Zhang , Junliang Jia , Kaiyi Zhai , Zehong Chang , Zhenyu Guo , Pei Zhang

Multiple light scattering is widely used to characterize dense colloidal systems as well as in deep tissue imaging; experiments are often interpreted via a theory of diffusion of the light intensity within a sample, neglecting the vector…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 A. C. Maggs , V. Rossetto

We construct optical beams in free space with robust skyrmionic structures in their polarization fields, both in the electric spin vector for near-circular fields and in the polarization direction for near-linear fields, and for both Bloch…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-18 Rodrigo Gutiérrez-Cuevas , Emilio Pisanty

We construct the manifold describing the family of plane monochromatic light waves with all directions, polarizations, phases and intensities. A smooth description of polarization, valid over the entire sphere S^2 of directions, is given…

Optics · Physics 2012-12-06 R. Nityananda , S. Sridhar