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Zero-order optimization techniques are becoming increasingly popular in robotics due to their ability to handle non-differentiable functions and escape local minima. These advantages make them particularly useful for trajectory optimization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Armand Jordana , Jianghan Zhang , Joseph Amigo , Ludovic Righetti

Zero-shot Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting emerges as a simple and effective strategy for enhancing the performance of large language models (LLMs) in real-world reasoning tasks. Nonetheless, the efficacy of a singular, task-level prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xiaosong Yuan , Chen Shen , Shaotian Yan , Xiaofeng Zhang , Liang Xie , Wenxiao Wang , Renchu Guan , Ying Wang , Jieping Ye

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have garnered considerable focus, but still faced with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. Recent research has introduced multimodal capabilities to LLMs by integrating independently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Utsav Garg , Erhan Bas

Recent work on domain-specific reasoning with large language models (LLMs) often relies on training-intensive approaches that require parameter updates. While activation steering has emerged as a parameter efficient alternative, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wencheng Ye , Xiaoyang Yuan , Yi Bin , Pengpeng Zeng , Hengyu Jin , Liang Peng , Heng Tao Shen

Efficiently routing queries to the optimal large language model (LLM) is crucial for optimizing the cost-performance trade-off in multi-model systems. However, most existing routers rely on single-model selection, making them susceptible to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sai Hao , Hao Zeng , Hongxin Wei , Bingyi Jing

One of the challenges in robotics is to enable robotic units with the reasoning capability that would be robust enough to execute complex tasks in dynamic environments. Recent advances in LLMs have positioned them as go-to tools for simple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Jiaqiang Ye Zhu , Carla Gomez Cano , David Vazquez Bermudez , Michal Drozdzal

We propose RoTaR, a row-based table representation learning method, to address the efficiency and scalability issues faced by existing table representation learning methods. The key idea of RoTaR is to generate query-agnostic row…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Zui Chen , Lei Cao , Sam Madden

Intent detection and slot filling are critical tasks in spoken and natural language understanding for task-oriented dialog systems. In this work we describe our participation in the slot and intent detection for low-resource language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Sang Yun Kwon , Gagan Bhatia , El Moatez Billah Nagoudi , Alcides Alcoba Inciarte , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

As a challenging vision-language task, Zero-Shot Composed Image Retrieval (ZS-CIR) is designed to retrieve target images using bi-modal (image+text) queries. Typical ZS-CIR methods employ an inversion network to generate pseudo-word tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Haiwen Li , Fei Su , Zhicheng Zhao

Symbolic planning models allow decision-making agents to sequence actions in arbitrary ways to achieve a variety of goals in dynamic domains. However, they are typically handcrafted and tend to require precise formulations that are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Vasanth Sarathy , Daniel Kasenberg , Shivam Goel , Jivko Sinapov , Matthias Scheutz

While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios, they often require computationally prohibitive sizes. Conversely, smaller Masked Language Models (MLMs) like BERT and RoBERTa achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ahmed Elshabrawy , Yongxin Huang , Iryna Gurevych , Alham Fikri Aji

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive zero-shot performance across a variety of Natural Language Processing tasks, including document re-ranking. However, their effectiveness degrades on unseen tasks and domains, largely due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Marco Braga , Pranav Kasela , Alessandro Raganato , Gabriella Pasi

The inherent capabilities of a language model (LM) and the reasoning strategies it employs jointly determine its performance in reasoning tasks. While test-time scaling is regarded as an effective approach to tackling complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhihong Pan , Kai Zhang , Yuze Zhao , Yupeng Han

Zero-shot inference is a powerful paradigm that enables the use of large pretrained models for downstream classification tasks without further training. However, these models are vulnerable to inherited biases that can impact their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Dyah Adila , Changho Shin , Linrong Cai , Frederic Sala

Inverse problems are pervasive mathematical methods in inferring knowledge from observational and experimental data by leveraging simulations and models. Unlike direct inference methods, inverse problem approaches typically require many…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-12-20 Sheroze Sheriffdeen , Jean C. Ragusa , Jim E. Morel , Marvin L. Adams , Tan Bui-Thanh

Large-scale contrastive vision-language pre-trained models provide the zero-shot model achieving competitive performance across a range of image classification tasks without requiring training on downstream data. Recent works have confirmed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Giung Nam , Byeongho Heo , Juho Lee

Pre-trained multilingual language encoders, such as multilingual BERT and XLM-R, show great potential for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer. However, these multilingual encoders do not precisely align words and phrases across languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Kuan-Hao Huang , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Widespread frustration with rigid touch-tone Interactive Voice Response (IVR) systems for customer service underscores the need for more direct and intuitive language interaction. While speech technologies are necessary, the key challenge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sergio Rojas-Galeano

This paper presents an approach that employs log-linearization in Lie group theory and the Newton-Euler equations to derive exact linear error dynamics for a multi-rotor model, and applies this model with a novel log-linear dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Li-Yu Lin , James Goppert , Inseok Hwang