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A number of leading AI companies, including OpenAI, Google DeepMind, and Anthropic, have the stated goal of building artificial general intelligence (AGI) - AI systems that achieve or exceed human performance across a wide range of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Jonas Schuett , Noemi Dreksler , Markus Anderljung , David McCaffary , Lennart Heim , Emma Bluemke , Ben Garfinkel

An increasing number of regulations propose AI audits as a mechanism for achieving transparency and accountability for artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Despite some converging norms around various forms of AI auditing, auditing for the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Khoa Lam , Benjamin Lange , Borhane Blili-Hamelin , Jovana Davidovic , Shea Brown , Ali Hasan

Prior work on trustworthy AI emphasizes model-internal properties such as bias mitigation, adversarial robustness, and interpretability. As AI systems evolve into autonomous agents deployed in open environments and increasingly connected to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Wenyue Hua , Tianyi Peng , Chi Wang , Jiaxin Pei , Ian Kaufman , Bryan Lim , Chandler Fang

While the deployment of large language models (LLMs) in high-value industries continues to expand, the systematic assessment of their safety against jailbreak and prompt-based attacks remains insufficient. Existing safety evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiuyuan Chen , Jian Zhao , Yuxiang He , Yuan Xun , Xinwei Liu , Yanshu Li , Huilin Zhou , Wei Cai , Ziyan Shi , Yuchen Yuan , Tianle Zhang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Safety Institutes and governments worldwide are deciding whether they evaluate advanced AI themselves, support a private evaluation ecosystem or do both. Evaluation regimes have been established in a wide range…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Merlin Stein , Milan Gandhi , Theresa Kriecherbauer , Amin Oueslati , Robert Trager

This paper surveys the area of Trust Metrics related to security for autonomous robotic systems. As the robotics industry undergoes a transformation from programmed, task oriented, systems to Artificial Intelligence-enabled learning, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Vincenzo DiLuoffo , William R. Michalson

As the deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems in high-stakes sectors - like healthcare, finance, education, justice, and infrastructure has increased - the possibility and impact of failures of these systems have significantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Aoun E Muhammad , Kin Choong Yow , Jamel Baili , Yongwon Cho , Yunyoung Nam

Prominent AI experts have suggested that companies developing high-risk AI systems should be required to show that such systems are safe before they can be developed or deployed. The goal of this paper is to expand on this idea and explore…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Akash R. Wasil , Joshua Clymer , David Krueger , Emily Dardaman , Simeon Campos , Evan R. Murphy

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) make them increasingly compelling for adoption in real-world healthcare applications. However, the risks associated with using LLMs in medical applications have not been…

Modern software systems are increasingly developed within rapid continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, where ensuring security prior to release presents significant technical and organizational challenges. Traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Michael Wienczkowski

Ensuring that artificial intelligence (AI) systems satisfy formal safety and policy constraints is a central challenge in safety-critical domains. While limitations of verification are often attributed to combinatorial complexity and model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Munawar Hasan

Millions of users turn to consumer AI chatbots to discuss mental health and behavioral concerns. While this presents unprecedented opportunities to deliver population-level support, it also highlights an urgent need for rigorous and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-10 Veith Weilnhammer , Kevin YC Hou , Lennart Luettgau , Christopher Summerfield , Raymond Dolan , Matthew M Nour

Organizations deploying AI-enabled Intelligent Transportation Systems face fragmented governance: ISO/IEC 42001 demands a certifiable management system, the EU AI Act imposes binding high-risk obligations from August 2026, and the NIST AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Talal Ashraf Butt , Muhammad Iqbal , Razi Iqbal

The intersection of Safety of Intended Functionality (SOTIF) and Functional Safety (FuSa) analysis of driving automation features has traditionally excluded Quality Management (QM) components (components that has no ASIL requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Alireza Abbaspour , Shabin Mahadevan , Kilian Zwirglmaier , Jeff Stafford

AI-powered systems have gained widespread popularity in various domains, including Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). However, ensuring their reliability and safety is challenging due to their complex nature. Conventional test adequacy metrics,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Neelofar Neelofar , Aldeida Aleti

Context: Static Application Security Testing Tools (SASTTs) identify software vulnerabilities to support the security and reliability of software applications. Interestingly, several studies have suggested that alternative solutions may be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Matteo Esposito , Valentina Falaschi , Davide Falessi

Artificial intelligence (AI) advances rapidly but achieving complete human control over AI risks remains an unsolved problem, akin to driving the fast AI "train" without a "brake system." By exploring fundamental control mechanisms at key…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yong Tao

We present a comprehensive AI risk taxonomy derived from eight government policies from the European Union, United States, and China and 16 company policies worldwide, making a significant step towards establishing a unified language for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yi Zeng , Kevin Klyman , Andy Zhou , Yu Yang , Minzhou Pan , Ruoxi Jia , Dawn Song , Percy Liang , Bo Li

We introduce the AI Security Pyramid of Pain, a framework that adapts the cybersecurity Pyramid of Pain to categorize and prioritize AI-specific threats. This framework provides a structured approach to understanding and addressing various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Chris M. Ward , Josh Harguess , Julia Tao , Daniel Christman , Paul Spicer , Mike Tan

Organizations including companies, nonprofits, governments, and academic institutions are increasingly developing, deploying, and utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Responsible AI (RAI) governance approaches at organizations have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Emily Hadley , Alan Blatecky , Megan Comfort