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Multi-task learning shows strikingly inconsistent results -- sometimes joint training helps substantially, sometimes it actively harms performance -- yet the field lacks a principled framework for predicting these outcomes. We identify a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jasper Zhang , Bryan Cheng

Despite the promise of Multi-Task Learning in leveraging complementary knowledge across tasks, existing multi-task optimization (MTO) techniques remain fixated on resolving conflicts via optimizer-centric loss scaling and gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zedong Wang , Siyuan Li , Dan Xu

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a framework, where multiple related tasks are learned jointly and benefit from a shared representation space, or parameter transfer. To provide sufficient learning support, modern MTL uses annotated data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Dimitrios Kollias , Viktoriia Sharmanska , Stefanos Zafeiriou

This work proposes Multi-task Meta Learning (MTML), integrating two learning paradigms Multi-Task Learning (MTL) and meta learning, to bring together the best of both worlds. In particular, it focuses simultaneous learning of multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Richa Upadhyay , Prakash Chandra Chhipa , Ronald Phlypo , Rajkumar Saini , Marcus Liwicki

Multi-task learning (MTL) benefits the fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) by providing a single model with improved performance and generalization ability across tasks, presenting a resource-efficient alternative to developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zi Gong , Hang Yu , Cong Liao , Bingchang Liu , Chaoyu Chen , Jianguo Li

Multi-task learning (MTL) jointly learns a set of tasks by sharing parameters among tasks. It is a promising approach for reducing storage costs while improving task accuracy for many computer vision tasks. The effective adoption of MTL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Lijun Zhang , Xiao Liu , Hui Guan

Although multi-task learning (MTL) has been a preferred approach and successfully applied in many real-world scenarios, MTL models are not guaranteed to outperform single-task models on all tasks mainly due to the negative effects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Shijie Zhu , Hui Zhao , Tianshu Wu , Pengjie Wang , Hongbo Deng , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

The increasing adoption of natural language processing (NLP) models across industries has led to practitioners' need for machine learning systems to handle these models efficiently, from training to serving them in production. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Lovre Torbarina , Tin Ferkovic , Lukasz Roguski , Velimir Mihelcic , Bruno Sarlija , Zeljko Kraljevic

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) aims to enhance the model generalization by sharing representations between related tasks for better performance. Typical MTL methods are jointly trained with the complete multitude of ground-truths for all tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Yufeng Wang , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Wei-Chih Hung , Wenrui Ding , Shuo Liu , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Multi-task learning (MTL) enables a joint model to capture commonalities across multiple tasks, reducing computation costs and improving data efficiency. However, a major challenge in MTL optimization is task conflicts, where the task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Hao Ban , Gokul Ram Subramani , Kaiyi Ji

In industrial recommendation systems, multi-task learning (learning multiple tasks simultaneously on a single model) is a predominant approach to save training/serving resources and improve recommendation performance via knowledge transfer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yun He , Xuxing Chen , Jiayi Xu , Renqin Cai , Yiling You , Jennifer Cao , Minhui Huang , Liu Yang , Yiqun Liu , Xiaoyi Liu , Rong Jin , Sem Park , Bo Long , Xue Feng

Multi-task learning (MTL) allows deep neural networks to learn from related tasks by sharing parameters with other networks. In practice, however, MTL involves searching an enormous space of possible parameter sharing architectures to find…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-20 Sebastian Ruder , Joachim Bingel , Isabelle Augenstein , Anders Søgaard

Multi-task learning (MTL) has led to successes in many applications of machine learning, from natural language processing and speech recognition to computer vision and drug discovery. This article aims to give a general overview of MTL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Sebastian Ruder

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to leverage shared information among tasks to improve learning efficiency and accuracy. However, MTL often struggles to effectively manage positive and negative transfer between tasks, which can hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chenguang Wang , Xuanhao Pan , Tianshu Yu

Multi-task learning (MTL) is frequently used in settings where a target task has to be learnt based on limited training data, but knowledge can be leveraged from related auxiliary tasks. While MTL can improve task performance overall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Rafael Peres da Silva , Chayaporn Suphavilai , Niranjan Nagarajan

Multi-task learning is to improve the performance of the model by transferring and exploiting common knowledge among tasks. Existing MTL works mainly focus on the scenario where label sets among multiple tasks (MTs) are usually the same,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Quan Feng , Songcan Chen

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve the generalization performance of multiple tasks by exploiting the shared factors among them. Various metrics (e.g., F-score, Area Under the ROC Curve) are used to evaluate the performances of MTL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Ge-Yang Ke , Yan Pan , Jian Yin , Chang-Qin Huang

Multi-label learning studies the problem where an instance is associated with a set of labels. By treating single-label learning problem as one task, the multi-label learning problem can be casted as solving multiple related tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Lu Bai , Yew-Soon Ong , Tiantian He , Abhishek Gupta

Multi-task learning (MTL) optimizes several learning tasks simultaneously and leverages their shared information to improve generalization and the prediction of the model for each task. Auxiliary tasks can be added to the main task to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Partoo Vafaeikia , Khashayar Namdar , Farzad Khalvati

Multi-Task Learning has emerged as a methodology in which multiple tasks are jointly learned by a shared learning algorithm, such as a DNN. MTL is based on the assumption that the tasks under consideration are related; therefore it exploits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Dimitrios Kollias , Viktoriia Sharmanska , Stefanos Zafeiriou