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This paper introduces a simple yet effective query expansion approach, denoted as query2doc, to improve both sparse and dense retrieval systems. The proposed method first generates pseudo-documents by few-shot prompting large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Furu Wei

Recent agent-based recommendation frameworks aim to simulate user behaviors by incorporating memory mechanisms and prompting strategies, but they struggle with hallucinating non-existent items and full-catalog ranking. Besides, a largely…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Mingdai Yang , Nurendra Choudhary , Jiangshu Du , Edward W. Huang , Philip S. Yu , Karthik Subbian , Danai Koutra

Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational in language technologies, particularly in information retrieval (IR). Previous studies have utilized LLMs for query expansion, achieving notable improvements in IR. In this paper, we thoroughly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Le Zhang , Yihong Wu , Qian Yang , Jian-Yun Nie

We develop assistive agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) that aid interlocutors in business negotiations. Specifically, we simulate business negotiations by letting two LLM-based agents engage in role play. A third LLM acts as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuncheng Hua , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have propelled research in natural language interfaces to databases. However, most state-of-the-art text-to-SQL systems still depend on complex, multi-stage pipelines. This work proposes a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Fernando Granado , Roberto Lotufo , Jayr Pereira

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has given rise to a new category of autonomous AI systems, referred to as Deep Research (DR) agents. These agents are designed to tackle complex, multi-turn informational research tasks by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Yuxuan Huang , Yihang Chen , Haozheng Zhang , Kang Li , Huichi Zhou , Meng Fang , Linyi Yang , Xiaoguang Li , Lifeng Shang , Songcen Xu , Jianye Hao , Kun Shao , Jun Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support creative tasks such as research idea generation. While recent work has shown that structured dialogues between LLMs can improve the novelty and feasibility of generated ideas,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Keisuke Ueda , Wataru Hirota , Takuto Asakura , Takahiro Omi , Kosuke Takahashi , Kosuke Arima , Tatsuya Ishigaki

Medical question answering (QA) is a reasoning-intensive task that remains challenging for large language models (LLMs) due to hallucinations and outdated domain knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) provides a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xuanzhao Dong , Wenhui Zhu , Hao Wang , Xiwen Chen , Peijie Qiu , Rui Yin , Yi Su , Yalin Wang

Large language model (LLM)-based search agents have proven promising for addressing knowledge-intensive problems by incorporating information retrieval capabilities. Existing works largely focus on optimizing the reasoning paradigms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Tongyu Wen , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

Deep Research (DR) agents extend Large Language Models (LLMs) beyond parametric knowledge by autonomously retrieving and synthesizing evidence from large web corpora into long-form reports, enabling a long-horizon agentic paradigm. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Haohao Luo , Zexi Li , Yuexiang Xie , Wenhao Zhang , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

While search is the predominant method of accessing information, formulating effective queries remains a challenging task, especially for situations where the users are not familiar with a domain, or searching for documents in other…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Kaustubh D. Dhole , Ramraj Chandradevan , Eugene Agichtein

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has transformed information access and reasoning through open-ended natural language interaction. However, LLMs remain limited by static knowledge, factual hallucinations, and the inability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Minhua Lin , Zongyu Wu , Zhichao Xu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Charu Aggarwal , Hui Liu , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Retrieval plays a central role in multi-hop question answering (QA), where answering complex questions requires gathering multiple pieces of evidence. We introduce an Agentic Retrieval System that leverages large language models (LLMs) in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Davood Rafiei

Solving mathematical reasoning problems requires not only accurate access to relevant knowledge but also careful, multi-step thinking. However, current retrieval-augmented models often rely on a single perspective, follow inflexible search…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Ali Asgarov , Umid Suleymanov , Aadyant Khatri

We propose a methodology that combines several advanced techniques in Large Language Model (LLM) retrieval to support the development of robust, multi-source question-answer systems. This methodology is designed to integrate information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Antony Seabra , Claudio Cavalcante , Joao Nepomuceno , Lucas Lago , Nicolaas Ruberg , Sergio Lifschitz

The applications of Large Language Models (LLMs) in political science are rapidly expanding. This paper demonstrates how LLMs, when augmented with predefined functions and specialized tools, can serve as dynamic agents capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Joseph R. Loffredo , Suyeol Yun

Recent advancements in AI-driven conversational agents have exhibited immense potential of AI applications. Effective response generation is crucial to the success of these agents. While extensive research has focused on leveraging multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Junfeng Liu , Christopher T. Symons , Ranga Raju Vatsavai

Open-domain dialogue systems have seen remarkable advancements with the development of large language models (LLMs). Nonetheless, most existing dialogue systems predominantly focus on brief single-session interactions, neglecting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Hao Li , Chenghao Yang , An Zhang , Yang Deng , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Recent advances in RAG have shifted toward an agentic paradigm, where LLMs interact with retrieval systems over multiple turns and iteratively refine queries based on intermediate results. At the same time, LLMs have demonstrated a strong…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuqi Zeng , Qixiang Deng , Yulei Wan , Ruiquan Jiang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Counterfactual explanations offer actionable insights by illustrating how changes to inputs can lead to different outcomes. However, these explanations often suffer from ambiguity and impracticality, limiting their utility for non-expert…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Aditya Bhattacharya , Tim Vanherwegen , Katrien Verbert