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We present methods for estimating loss-based measures of the performance of a prediction model in a target population that differs from the source population in which the model was developed, in settings where outcome and covariate data are…

Learning in neural networks critically hinges on the intricate geometry of the loss landscape associated with a given task. Traditionally, most research has focused on finding specific weight configurations that minimize the loss. In this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-30 Margherita Mele , Roberto Menichetti , Alessandro Ingrosso , Raffaello Potestio

Modern technologies are producing datasets with complex intrinsic structures, and they can be naturally represented as matrices instead of vectors. To preserve the latent data structures during processing, modern regression approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Hang Zhang , Fengyuan Zhu , Shixin Li

Improving model robustness against potential modality noise, as an essential step for adapting multimodal models to real-world applications, has received increasing attention among researchers. For Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA), there…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Huisheng Mao , Baozheng Zhang , Hua Xu , Ziqi Yuan , Yihe Liu

Safety goes first. Meeting and maintaining industry safety standards for robustness of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models require continuous monitoring for faults and performance drops. Deep learning models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Aria Khademi , Michael Hopka , Devesh Upadhyay

This study explores the robustness of label noise classifiers, aiming to enhance model resilience against noisy data in complex real-world scenarios. Label noise in supervised learning, characterized by erroneous or imprecise labels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Cheng Zeng , Yixuan Xu , Jiaqi Tian

The reliability of machine learning (ML) software systems is heavily influenced by changes in data over time. For that reason, ML systems require regular maintenance, typically based on model retraining. However, retraining requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Lorena Poenaru-Olaru , June Sallou , Luis Cruz , Jan Rellermeyer , Arie van Deursen

This work investigates how semantics influence localisation performance and robustness in a learned self-supervised, contrastive semantic localisation framework. After training a localisation network on both original and perturbed maps, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Manshika Charvi Bissessur , Efimia Panagiotaki , Daniele De Martini

Data-driven machine learning (ML) models are reshaping weather forecasting and have shown the potential to accelerate and surpass traditional physics-based approaches, leading to a second revolution in the field after data assimilation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hang Fan , Yi Xiao , Yongquan Qu , Juan Nathaniel , Fenghua Ling , Ben Fei , Lei Bai , Pierre Gentine

A model's capacity to generalize its knowledge to interpret unseen inputs with different characteristics is crucial to build robust and reliable machine learning systems. Language model evaluation tasks lack information metrics about model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Saksham Bassi , Duygu Ataman , Kyunghyun Cho

Quantization has emerged as a mainstream method for compressing Large Language Models (LLMs), reducing memory requirements and accelerating inference without architectural modifications. While existing research primarily focuses on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sen Fang , Weiyuan Ding , Antonio Mastropaolo , Bowen Xu

The recent convergence of pervasive computing and machine learning has given rise to numerous services, impacting almost all areas of economic and social activity. However, the use of AI techniques precludes certain standard software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Vladimir Balditsyn , Philippe Lalanda , German Vega , Stéphanie Chollet

We consider the problem of retraining machine learning (ML) models when new batches of data become available. Existing approaches greedily optimize for predictive power independently at each batch, without considering the stability of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Dimitris Bertsimas , Vassilis Digalakis , Yu Ma , Phevos Paschalidis

State-of-the-art language models (LMs) represented by long-short term memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNNs) and Transformers are becoming increasingly complex and expensive for practical applications. Low-bit neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Junhao Xu , Jianwei Yu , Shoukang Hu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Machine learning (ML) has become a ubiquitous tool across various domains of data mining and big data analysis. The efficacy of ML models depends heavily on high-quality datasets, which are often complicated by the presence of missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Abu Fuad Ahmad , Md Shohel Sayeed , Khaznah Alshammari , Istiaque Ahmed

Climate change increases the frequency of extreme rainfall, placing a significant strain on urban infrastructures, especially Combined Sewer Systems (CSS). Overflows from overburdened CSS release untreated wastewater into surface waters,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Vipin Singh , Tianheng Ling , Teodor Chiaburu , Felix Biessmann

Neural networks (NNs) are currently changing the computational paradigm on how to combine data with mathematical laws in physics and engineering in a profound way, tackling challenging inverse and ill-posed problems not solvable with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Apostolos F Psaros , Xuhui Meng , Zongren Zou , Ling Guo , George Em Karniadakis

The ability to quantify information transmission is crucial for the analysis and design of natural and engineered systems. The information transmission rate is the fundamental measure for systems with time-varying signals, yet computing it…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Manuel Reinhardt , Gašper Tkačik , Pieter Rein ten Wolde

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) aims to leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to speed up the process of solving machine learning problems or improve the quality of solutions. Among these principles, entanglement with an auxiliary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Alexander Mandl , Johanna Barzen , Marvin Bechtold , Frank Leymann , Lavinia Stiliadou

The rapid scaling of language models (LMs) has resulted in unprecedented computational, memory, and energy requirements, making their training and deployment increasingly unsustainable. Quantization has emerged as an essential compression…