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Various natural language processing (NLP) tasks necessitate models that are efficient and small based on their ultimate application at the edge or in other resource-constrained environments. While prior research has reduced the size of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Victor Agostinelli , Lizhong Chen

Most large multimodal models (LMMs) are implemented by feeding visual tokens as a sequence into the first layer of a large language model (LLM). The resulting architecture is simple but significantly increases computation and memory costs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Lingchen Meng , Jianwei Yang , Rui Tian , Xiyang Dai , Zuxuan Wu , Jianfeng Gao , Yu-Gang Jiang

The per-token cost of transformer inference scales with context length, preventing its application to lifelong in-context learning. Linear attention is an efficient alternative that maintains a constant memory footprint, even on infinite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Luke McDermott , Robert W. Heath , Rahul Parhi

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable potential in processing long sequences and complex reasoning tasks, yet efficiently serving these models remains challenging due to the quadratic computational complexity of attention in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shang Yang , Junxian Guo , Haotian Tang , Qinghao Hu , Guangxuan Xiao , Jiaming Tang , Yujun Lin , Zhijian Liu , Yao Lu , Song Han

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

In this paper, we introduce LiveMind, a novel low-latency inference framework for large language model (LLM) inference which enables LLMs to perform inferences with incomplete user input. By reallocating computational processes to the input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuangtao Chen , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

More and more evidence has shown that strengthening layer interactions can enhance the representation power of a deep neural network, while self-attention excels at learning interdependencies by retrieving query-activated information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yanwen Fang , Yuxi Cai , Jintai Chen , Jingyu Zhao , Guangjian Tian , Guodong Li

FlashAttention (Dao, 2023) effectively reduces the quadratic peak memory usage to linear in training transformer-based large language models (LLMs) on a single GPU. In this paper, we introduce DISTFLASHATTN, a distributed memory-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Dacheng Li , Rulin Shao , Anze Xie , Eric P. Xing , Xuezhe Ma , Ion Stoica , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Hao Zhang

We present DeepSeek-V2, a strong Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language model characterized by economical training and efficient inference. It comprises 236B total parameters, of which 21B are activated for each token, and supports a context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 DeepSeek-AI , Aixin Liu , Bei Feng , Bin Wang , Bingxuan Wang , Bo Liu , Chenggang Zhao , Chengqi Dengr , Chong Ruan , Damai Dai , Daya Guo , Dejian Yang , Deli Chen , Dongjie Ji , Erhang Li , Fangyun Lin , Fuli Luo , Guangbo Hao , Guanting Chen , Guowei Li , H. Zhang , Hanwei Xu , Hao Yang , Haowei Zhang , Honghui Ding , Huajian Xin , Huazuo Gao , Hui Li , Hui Qu , J. L. Cai , Jian Liang , Jianzhong Guo , Jiaqi Ni , Jiashi Li , Jin Chen , Jingyang Yuan , Junjie Qiu , Junxiao Song , Kai Dong , Kaige Gao , Kang Guan , Lean Wang , Lecong Zhang , Lei Xu , Leyi Xia , Liang Zhao , Liyue Zhang , Meng Li , Miaojun Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Minghua Zhang , Minghui Tang , Mingming Li , Ning Tian , Panpan Huang , Peiyi Wang , Peng Zhang , Qihao Zhu , Qinyu Chen , Qiushi Du , R. J. Chen , R. L. Jin , Ruiqi Ge , Ruizhe Pan , Runxin Xu , Ruyi Chen , S. S. Li , Shanghao Lu , Shangyan Zhou , Shanhuang Chen , Shaoqing Wu , Shengfeng Ye , Shirong Ma , Shiyu Wang , Shuang Zhou , Shuiping Yu , Shunfeng Zhou , Size Zheng , T. Wang , Tian Pei , Tian Yuan , Tianyu Sun , W. L. Xiao , Wangding Zeng , Wei An , Wen Liu , Wenfeng Liang , Wenjun Gao , Wentao Zhang , X. Q. Li , Xiangyue Jin , Xianzu Wang , Xiao Bi , Xiaodong Liu , Xiaohan Wang , Xiaojin Shen , Xiaokang Chen , Xiaosha Chen , Xiaotao Nie , Xiaowen Sun , Xiaoxiang Wang , Xin Liu , Xin Xie , Xingkai Yu , Xinnan Song , Xinyi Zhou , Xinyu Yang , Xuan Lu , Xuecheng Su , Y. Wu , Y. K. Li , Y. X. Wei , Y. X. Zhu , Yanhong Xu , Yanping Huang , Yao Li , Yao Zhao , Yaofeng Sun , Yaohui Li , Yaohui Wang , Yi Zheng , Yichao Zhang , Yiliang Xiong , Yilong Zhao , Ying He , Ying Tang , Yishi Piao , Yixin Dong , Yixuan Tan , Yiyuan Liu , Yongji Wang , Yongqiang Guo , Yuchen Zhu , Yuduan Wang , Yuheng Zou , Yukun Zha , Yunxian Ma , Yuting Yan , Yuxiang You , Yuxuan Liu , Z. Z. Ren , Zehui Ren , Zhangli Sha , Zhe Fu , Zhen Huang , Zhen Zhang , Zhenda Xie , Zhewen Hao , Zhihong Shao , Zhiniu Wen , Zhipeng Xu , Zhongyu Zhang , Zhuoshu Li , Zihan Wang , Zihui Gu , Zilin Li , Ziwei Xie

As the demand for processing extended textual data grows, the ability to handle long-range dependencies and maintain computational efficiency is more critical than ever. One of the key issues for long-sequence modeling using attention-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Aosong Feng , Rex Ying , Leandros Tassiulas

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) excel in modeling complex language patterns but face significant computational costs during inference, especially with long inputs due to the attention mechanism's memory overhead. We observe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ruiqing Yan , Linghan Zheng , Xingbo Du , Han Zou , Yufeng Guo , Jianfei Yang

Fine tuning has been regarded as a de facto approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, but the high training memory consumption inherited from LLMs makes this process inefficient. Among existing memory efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Runjia Zeng , Qifan Wang , Qiang Guan , Ruixiang Tang , Lifu Huang , Zhenting Wang , Xueling Zhang , Cheng Han , Dongfang Liu

LLMs are seeing growing use for applications which require large context windows, and with these large context windows KV cache activations surface as the dominant contributor to memory consumption during inference. Quantization is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Coleman Hooper , Sehoon Kim , Hiva Mohammadzadeh , Michael W. Mahoney , Yakun Sophia Shao , Kurt Keutzer , Amir Gholami

The Large Language Model (LLM) is widely employed for tasks such as intelligent assistants, text summarization, translation, and multi-modality on mobile phones. However, the current methods for on-device LLM deployment maintain slow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Luchang Li , Sheng Qian , Jie Lu , Lunxi Yuan , Rui Wang , Qin Xie

The Transformer architecture has significantly advanced natural language processing (NLP) and has been foundational in developing large language models (LLMs) such as LLaMA and OPT, which have come to dominate a broad range of NLP tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Youpeng Zhao , Di Wu , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Grouped-query attention (GQA) has been widely adopted in LLMs to mitigate the complexity of multi-head attention (MHA). To transform an MHA to a GQA, neighbour queries in MHA are evenly split into groups where each group shares the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yuang Chen , Cheng Zhang , Xitong Gao , Robert D. Mullins , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized text processing, yet adapting Transformer-based neural networks to non-textual scientific modalities typically requires specialized architectures and extensive computational…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-15 Nesar Ramachandra , Yuan-Sen Ting , Zechang Sun , Azton Wells , Salman Habib

Transformer has become ubiquitous in natural language processing (e.g., machine translation, question answering); however, it requires enormous amount of computations to achieve high performance, which makes it not suitable for mobile…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Zhanghao Wu , Zhijian Liu , Ji Lin , Yujun Lin , Song Han

Attention-based models have been widely used in many areas, such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, relevant applications in time series classification (TSC) have not been explored deeply yet, causing a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Bowen Zhao , Huanlai Xing , Xinhan Wang , Fuhong Song , Zhiwen Xiao