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Foundation models have enabled rapid progress across many specialized domains by leveraging large-scale pre-training on unlabeled data, demonstrating strong generalization to a variety of downstream tasks. While such models have gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mirali Purohit , Bimal Gajera , Vatsal Malaviya , Irish Mehta , Kunal Kasodekar , Jacob Adler , Steven Lu , Umaa Rebbapragada , Hannah Kerner

This technical report records and discusses the Second Workshop on Sustainable Software for Science: Practice and Experiences (WSSSPE2). The report includes a description of the alternative, experimental submission and review process, two…

The concept of putting a neutrino detector in close orbit of the sun has been unexplored until very recently. The primary scientific return is to vastly enhance our understanding of the solar interior, which is a major NASA goal.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-07-24 N. Solomey , J. Folkerts , H. Meyer , C. Gimar , J. Novak , B. Doty , T. English , L. Buchele , A. Nelsen , R. McTaggart , M. Christl

Pandora is a SmallSat mission designed to study the atmospheres of exoplanets, and was selected as part of NASA's Astrophysics Pioneers Program. Transmission spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets provides our best opportunity to identify…

One of the greatest challenge facing current space weather monitoring operations is forecasting the arrival of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) within their Earth-Sun propagation timescales. Current…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-30 D. M. Weigt , L. A. Cañizares , S. A. Maloney , S. A. Murray , E. P. Carley , P. T. Gallagher , A. Macario-Rojas , N. Crisp , C. McGrath

The Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance and Sounding experiment (EARS), is composed of two parts: the Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance (EAR) instrument and the Environmental Acoustic Sounding Experiment (EASE). They are distinct, but…

Space Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 F. A. Farrelly , A. Petri , L. Pitolli , G. Pontuale

Current space exploration programs call for the establishment of a permanent Human presence on the Moon. This paper considers periodic orbits of a shuttle between the Earth and the Moon. Such a shuttle will be needed to bring supplies to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-03 T. Carter , M. Humi

While the concept of the block universe has a most respectable scientific provenance, many physicists nevertheless do not accept that future events are just as embedded in spacetime as are those of the present and the past. This paper…

Popular Physics · Physics 2016-03-31 Alan McKenzie

Capitalizing on the enthusiasm about space science in the general public, our goal as an interdisciplinary group of scholars is to design and teach a new team-taught interdisciplinary course, "Philosophy and Science of Space Exploration…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-24 Serife Tekin , Carmen Fies , Chris Packham

Understanding the concept of habitability is related to an evolutionary knowledge of the particular planet-in-question. Additional indications so-called "systemic aspects" of the planetary system as a whole governs a particular planet's…

Challenges related to development, deployment, and maintenance of reusable software for science are becoming a growing concern. Many scientists' research increasingly depends on the quality and availability of software upon which their…

Many systems may switch to an undesired state due to internal failures or external perturbations, of which critical transitions toward degraded ecosystem states are a prominent example. Resilience restoration focuses on the ability of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-23 Cheng Ma , Gyorgy Korniss , Boleslaw K. Szymanski , Jianxi Gao

The outer solar system has a diverse range of objects, holding important clues about the formation and evolution of our solar system, the emergence and current distribution of life, and the physical processes controlling both our own and…

As natural access points to the subsurface, lava tubes and other caves have become premier targets of planetary missions for astrobiological analyses. Few existing robotic paradigms, however, are able to explore such challenging…

The Hesperos mission proposed in this paper is a mission to Venus to investigate the interior structure and the current level of activity. The main questions to be answered with this mission are whether Venus has an internal structure and…

The Hubble Space Telescope has produced astonishing science over the past thirty years. Hubble's productivity can continue to soar for years to come provided some worn out components get upgraded. While powerful new ground-based and space…

Tactful coordination on earth between hundreds of operators from diverse disciplines and backgrounds is needed to ensure that Martian rovers have a high likelihood of achieving their science goals while enduring the harsh environment of the…

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is uniquely equipped to search for Solar System bodies due to its unprecedented combination of depth and wide field coverage. Over a ten-year period starting in 2022, LSST will generate the largest…