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Video generative models are increasingly used as world models for robotics, where a model generates a future visual rollout conditioned on the current observation and task instruction, and an inverse dynamics model (IDM) converts the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ruixiang Wang , Qingming Liu , Yueci Deng , Guiliang Liu , Zhen Liu , Kui Jia

Robot learning requires adaptation methods that improve reliably from limited, mixed-quality interaction data. This is especially challenging in long-horizon, contact-rich tasks, where end-to-end policy finetuning remains inefficient and…

Several families of continual learning techniques have been proposed to alleviate catastrophic interference in deep neural network training on non-stationary data. However, a comprehensive comparison and analysis of limitations remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Timm Hess , Martin Mundt , Iuliia Pliushch , Visvanathan Ramesh

In recent years, interest in synthetic data has grown, particularly in the context of pre-training the image modality to support a range of computer vision tasks, including object classification, medical imaging etc. Previous work has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Davyd Svyezhentsev , George Retsinas , Petros Maragos

Nonprehensile manipulation is crucial for handling objects that are too thin, large, or otherwise ungraspable in unstructured environments. While conventional planning-based approaches struggle with complex contact modeling, learning-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Jiangran Lyu , Ziming Li , Xuesong Shi , Chaoyi Xu , Yizhou Wang , He Wang

World models represent a paradigm shift in generative AI, pursuing predictive understanding and controllable simulation of environments in a structured and generalizable way. We present World Machine, a generative world-modeling…

Recent video diffusion models generate photorealistic, temporally coherent videos, yet they fall short as reliable world models for autonomous driving, where structured motion and physically consistent interactions are essential. Adapting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ahmad Rahimi , Valentin Gerard , Eloi Zablocki , Matthieu Cord , Alexandre Alahi

Intelligent agents need a physical understanding of the world to predict the impact of their actions in the future. While learning-based models of the environment dynamics have contributed to significant improvements in sample efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Eric Heiden , David Millard , Hejia Zhang , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

We introduce a method to generate videos of dynamic virtual objects plausibly interacting via collisions with a still image's environment. Given a starting trajectory, physically simulated with the estimated geometry of a single, static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Carlo Innamorati , Bryan Russell , Danny M. Kaufman , and Niloy J. Mitra

Recently, video-based world models that learn to simulate the dynamics have gained increasing attention in robot learning. However, current approaches primarily emphasize visual generative quality while overlooking physical fidelity,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Baorui Peng , Wenyao Zhang , Liang Xu , Zekun Qi , Jiazhao Zhang , Hongsi Liu , Wenjun Zeng , Xin Jin

Video diffusion models provide powerful real-world simulators for embodied AI but remain limited in controllability for robotic manipulation. Recent works on trajectory-conditioned video generation address this gap but often rely on 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yang Bai , Liudi Yang , George Eskandar , Fengyi Shen , Mohammad Altillawi , Ziyuan Liu , Gitta Kutyniok

Humans naturally build mental models of object interactions and dynamics, allowing them to imagine how their surroundings will change if they take a certain action. While generative models today have shown impressive results on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Sruthi Sudhakar , Ruoshi Liu , Basile Van Hoorick , Carl Vondrick , Richard Zemel

Recent advances in driving-scene generation and reconstruction have demonstrated significant potential for enhancing autonomous driving systems by producing scalable and controllable training data. Existing generation methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ziyue Zhu , Zhanqian Wu , Zhenxin Zhu , Lijun Zhou , Haiyang Sun , Bing Wan , Kun Ma , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Jin Xie , jian Yang

A generative recurrent neural network is quickly trained in an unsupervised manner to model popular reinforcement learning environments through compressed spatio-temporal representations. The world model's extracted features are fed into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-07 David Ha , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Learning an accurate model of the environment is essential for model-based control tasks. Existing methods in robotic visuomotor control usually learn from data with heavily labelled actions, object entities or locations, which can be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Haoqi Yuan , Ruihai Wu , Andrew Zhao , Haipeng Zhang , Zihan Ding , Hao Dong

World models, which are predictive representations of how environments evolve under actions, have become a central component of robot learning. They support policy learning, planning, simulation, evaluation, data generation, and have…

Generative world models (WMs) can now simulate worlds with striking visual realism, which naturally raises the question of whether they can endow embodied agents with predictive perception for decision making. Progress on this question has…

Recent advances in world models have greatly enhanced interactive environment simulation. Existing methods mainly fall into two categories: (1) static world generation models, which construct 3D environments without active agents, and (2)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yitong Wang , Fangyun Wei , Hongyang Zhang , Bo Dai , Yan Lu

We explore building generative neural network models of popular reinforcement learning environments. Our world model can be trained quickly in an unsupervised manner to learn a compressed spatial and temporal representation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-10 David Ha , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Learning predictive world models from raw visual observations is a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), especially for robotics and continuous control. Conventional model-based RL frameworks directly condition future…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jseen Zhang , Gabriel Adineera , Jinzhou Tan , Jinoh Kim