English
Related papers

Related papers: We Can't Understand AI Using our Existing Vocabula…

200 papers

When we read, we make predictions about upcoming words; these predictions influence our reading behavior. The success of large language models (LLMs), which, like humans, make predictions about upcoming words, has motivated their use as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Byung-Doh Oh , Tal Linzen

Machines are being increasingly used in decision-making processes, resulting in the realization that decisions need explanations. Unfortunately, an increasing number of these deployed models are of a 'black-box' nature where the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sopam Dasgupta

Barring swarm robotics, a substantial share of current machine-human and machine-machine learning and interaction mechanisms are being developed and fed by results of agent-based computer simulations, game-theoretic models, or robotic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-08-24 Michał B. Paradowski , Łukasz Jonak

In response to the demand for Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), we investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to transform ML explanations into natural, human-readable narratives. Rather than directly explaining ML models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Alexandra Zytek , Sara Pidò , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Theory based AI research has had a hard time recently and the aim here is to propose a model of what LLMs are actually doing when they impress us with their language skills. The model integrates three established theories of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Peter Wallis

Slang is a commonly used type of informal language that poses a daunting challenge to NLP systems. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs), however, have made the problem more approachable. While LLM agents are becoming more widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Siyang Wu , Zhewei Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a landmark achievement in Artificial Intelligence (AI), demonstrating unprecedented proficiency in procedural tasks such as text generation, code completion, and conversational coherence. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Schaun Wheeler , Olivier Jeunen

Representation is a core issue in artificial intelligence. Humans use discrete language to communicate and learn from each other, while machines use continuous features (like vector, matrix, or tensor in deep neural networks) to represent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Yuqi Wang , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Language is crucial for human intelligence, but what exactly is its role? We take language to be a part of a system for understanding and communicating about situations. The human ability to understand and communicate about situations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-07 James L. McClelland , Felix Hill , Maja Rudolph , Jason Baldridge , Hinrich Schütze

Large language models (LLMs) are widely described as artificial intelligence, yet their epistemic profile diverges sharply from human cognition. Here we show that the apparent alignment between human and machine outputs conceals a deeper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Walter Quattrociocchi , Valerio Capraro , Matjaž Perc

The ability of a machine to communicate with humans has long been associated with the general success of AI. This dates back to Alan Turing's epoch-making work in the early 1950s, which proposes that a machine's intelligence can be tested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Jiwei Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising approach to enhancing Explainable AI (XAI) by transforming complex machine learning outputs into easy-to-understand narratives, making model predictions more accessible to users, and helping…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ahsan Bilal , David Ebert , Beiyu Lin

Despite excelling in high-level reasoning, current language models lack robustness in real-world scenarios and perform poorly on fundamental problem-solving tasks that are intuitive to humans. This paper argues that both challenges stem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Dezhi Luo , Yijiang Li , Hokin Deng

Since the invention of computers, communication through natural language (actual human language) has been a dream technology. However, natural language is extremely difficult to mathematically formulate, making it difficult to realize as an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Masahiro Yamamoto

Inner Interpretability is a promising emerging field tasked with uncovering the inner mechanisms of AI systems, though how to develop these mechanistic theories is still much debated. Moreover, recent critiques raise issues that question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Martina G. Vilas , Federico Adolfi , David Poeppel , Gemma Roig

The last decade has seen huge progress in the development of advanced machine learning models; however, those models are powerless unless human users can interpret them. Here we show how the mind's construction of concepts and meaning can…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-04 Nick Condry

While we do not always use words, communicating what we want to an AI is a conversation -- with ourselves as well as with it, a recurring loop with optional steps depending on the complexity of the situation and our request. Any given…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Elena L. Glassman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have introduced a paradigm shift in interaction with AI technology, enabling knowledge workers to complete tasks by specifying their desired outcome in natural language. LLMs have the potential to increase…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Michelle Brachman , Amina El-Ashry , Casey Dugan , Werner Geyer

People acquire concepts through rich physical and social experiences and use them to understand and navigate the world. In contrast, large language models (LLMs), trained solely through next-token prediction on text, exhibit strikingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ningyu Xu , Qi Zhang , Chao Du , Qiang Luo , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Menghan Zhang

To build agents that can collaborate effectively with others, recent research has trained artificial agents to communicate with each other in Lewis-style referential games. However, this often leads to successful but uninterpretable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Jesse Mu , Noah Goodman