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The product carbon footprint (PCF) is crucial for decarbonizing the supply chain, as it measures the direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions caused by all activities during the product's life cycle. However, PCF accounting often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Zhu Deng , Jinjie Liu , Biao Luo , Can Yuan , Qingrun Yang , Lei Xiao , Wenwen Zhou , Zhu Liu

Carbon footprint accounting is crucial for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.The dynamic nature of processes, accounting rules, carbon-related policies, and energy supply structures necessitates real-time…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Haijin Wang , Mianrong Zhang , Zheng Chen , Nan Shang , Shangheng Yao , Fushuan Wen , Junhua Zhao

Due to increased computing use, data centers consume and emit a lot of energy and carbon. These contributions are expected to rise as big data analytics, digitization, and large AI models grow and become major components of daily working…

Interest in sustainability information has surged in recent years. However, the data required for a life cycle assessment (LCA) that maps the materials and processes from product manufacturing to disposal into environmental impacts (EI) are…

In the context of the high energy demand of large language models (LLMs) and growing concerns about global warming, there is significant demand for actionable recommendations that can help reduce emissions when utilizing such technologies.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Boris Ruf , Marcin Detyniecki

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in the fields of mechanical engineering and materials science. As models that establish connections through the interface of language, LLMs can be applied for step-wise reasoning through…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Adrian Ehrenhofer , Thomas Wallmersperger , Gianaurelio Cuniberti

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has led to significant energy consumption and carbon emissions, posing a critical challenge to the sustainability of generative AI technologies. This paper explores the integration of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tahniat Khan , Soroor Motie , Sedef Akinli Kocak , Shaina Raza

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed numerous domains by providing advanced capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and reasoning. Despite their groundbreaking applications across industries such as research,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Aditi Singh , Nirmal Prakashbhai Patel , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei

As multiple crises threaten the sustainability of our societies and pose at risk the planetary boundaries, complex challenges require timely, updated, and usable information. Natural-language processing (NLP) tools enhance and expand data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Francesca Larosa , Sergio Hoyas , H. Alberto Conejero , Javier Garcia-Martinez , Francesco Fuso Nerini , Ricardo Vinuesa

Large Language Models (LLM) have significantly transformed various domains, including software development. These models assist programmers in generating code, potentially increasing productivity and efficiency. However, the environmental…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Kuen Sum Cheung , Mayuri Kaul , Gunel Jahangirova , Mohammad Reza Mousavi , Eric Zie

Organizations increasingly use Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve supply chain processes and reduce environmental impacts. However, LLMs have been shown to reproduce biases regarding the prioritization of sustainable business…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Greta Ontrup , Annika Bush , Markus Pauly , Meltem Aksoy

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into supply chain management (SCM) is revolutionizing the industry by improving decision-making, predictive analytics, and operational efficiency. This white paper explores the transformative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Raha Aghaei , Ali A. Kiaei , Mahnaz Boush , Javad Vahidi , Zeynab Barzegar , Mahan Rofoosheh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed locally for privacy and accessibility, yet users lack tools to measure their resource usage, environmental impact, and efficiency metrics. This paper presents EnviroLLM, an open-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Troy Allen

Climate change poses grave challenges, demanding widespread understanding and low-carbon lifestyle awareness. Large language models (LLMs) offer a powerful tool to address this crisis, yet comprehensive evaluations of their climate-crisis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Hongyin Zhu , Prayag Tiwari

The idea of product line scoping is to identify the set of features and configurations that a product line should include, i.e., offer for configuration purposes. In this context, a major scoping task is to find a balance between commercial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Alexander Felfernig , Damian Garber , Viet-Man Le , Sebastian Lubos , Thi Ngoc Trang Tran

Food systems are responsible for a third of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. We investigate what Large Language Models (LLMs) can contribute to reducing the environmental impacts of food production. We define a typology of design and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Anna T. Thomas , Adam Yee , Andrew Mayne , Maya B. Mathur , Dan Jurafsky , Kristina Gligorić

In the context of global sustainability mandates, corporate carbon disclosure has emerged as a critical mechanism for aligning business strategy with environmental responsibility. The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) hosts the world's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Haotian Hang , Yueyang Shen , Vicky Zhu , Jose Cruz , Michelle Li

As the issue of global climate change becomes increasingly severe, the demand for research in climate science continues to grow. Natural language processing technologies, represented by Large Language Models (LLMs), have been widely applied…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Zhou Chen , Xiao Wang , Yuanhong Liao , Ming Lin , Yuqi Bai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize automated traceability by overcoming the challenges faced by previous methods and introducing new possibilities. However, the optimal utilization of LLMs for automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Alberto D. Rodriguez , Katherine R. Dearstyne , Jane Cleland-Huang

Human-produced emissions are growing at an alarming rate, causing already observable changes in the climate and environment in general. Each year global carbon dioxide emissions hit a new record, and it is reported that 0.5% of total US…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Aida Usmanova , Junbo Huang , Debayan Banerjee , Ricardo Usbeck
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