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This study proposes a method to diversify queries in existing test collections to reflect some of the diversity of search engine users, aligning with an earlier vision of an 'ideal' test collection. A Large Language Model (LLM) is used to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Marwah Alaofi , Nicola Ferro , Paul Thomas , Falk Scholer , Mark Sanderson

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable ability to process information across various languages. Despite their capabilities, they exhibit inconsistencies in handling identical queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yue Huang , Chenrui Fan , Yuan Li , Siyuan Wu , Tianyi Zhou , Xiangliang Zhang , Lichao Sun

Large language models (LLMs) may not equitably represent diverse global perspectives on societal issues. In this paper, we develop a quantitative framework to evaluate whose opinions model-generated responses are more similar to. We first…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in educational settings. These applications expand beyond English, though current LLMs remain primarily English-centric. In this work, we ascertain if their use in education…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vansh Gupta , Sankalan Pal Chowdhury , Vilém Zouhar , Donya Rooein , Mrinmaya Sachan

Online reviews play a pivotal role in influencing consumer decisions across various domains, from purchasing products to selecting hotels or restaurants. However, the sheer volume of reviews -- often containing repetitive or irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Mir Tafseer Nayeem , Davood Rafiei

The number of user reviews of tourist attractions, restaurants, mobile apps, etc. is increasing for all languages; yet, research is lacking on how reviews in multiple languages should be aggregated and displayed. Speakers of different…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Scott A. Hale

The development and evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has primarily focused on their task-solving capabilities, with recent models even surpassing human performance in some areas. However, this focus often neglects whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yanzhu Guo , Guokan Shang , Chloé Clavel

Existing benchmarks often fail to account for linguistic diversity, like language variants of English. In this paper, we share our experiences from our ongoing project of building a sentiment classification benchmark for three variants of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Dipankar Srirag , Jordan Painter , Aditya Joshi , Diptesh Kanojia

Results reported in large-scale multilingual evaluations are often fragmented and confounded by factors such as target languages, differences in experimental setups, and model choices. We propose a framework that disentangles these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Songbo Hu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support the analysis of complex financial disclosures, yet their reliability, behavioral consistency, and transparency remain insufficiently understood in high-stakes settings. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Talha Mohsin

Previous multilingual benchmarks focus primarily on simple understanding tasks, but for large language models(LLMs), we emphasize proficiency in instruction following, reasoning, long context understanding, code generation, and so on.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Hanxu Hu , Conghui He , Lei Li , Shujian Huang , Fei Yuan

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the competitive landscape in natural language processing (NLP), particularly for English and other data-rich languages. However, underrepresented languages like Cantonese,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiyue Jiang , Pengan Chen , Liheng Chen , Sheng Wang , Qinghang Bao , Lingpeng Kong , Yu Li , Chuan Wu

Users often rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) for processing multiple documents or performing analysis over a number of instances. For example, analysing the overall sentiment of a number of movie reviews requires an LLM to process the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jingxuan Chen , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar , Jose Camacho-Collados

Previous research has shown that LLMs have potential in multilingual NLG evaluation tasks. However, existing research has not fully explored the differences in the evaluation capabilities of LLMs across different languages. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jiayi Chang , Mingqi Gao , Xinyu Hu , Xiaojun Wan

Software qualities such as usability or reliability are among the strongest determinants of mobile app user satisfaction and constitute a significant portion of online user feedback on software products, making it a valuable source of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Eduard C. Groen , Fabiano Dalpiaz , Martijn van Vliet , Boris Winter , Joerg Doerr , Sjaak Brinkkemper

Online education platforms have experienced explosive growth over the past decade, generating massive volumes of user-generated content in the form of reviews, ratings, and behavioral logs. These heterogeneous signals provide unprecedented…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Arman Bekov , Azamat Nurgali

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional natural language understanding abilities and have excelled in a variety of natural language processing (NLP)tasks in recent years. Despite the fact that most LLMs are trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Bradley Hauer , Ning Shi , Grzegorz Kondrak

Social media data has been of interest to Natural Language Processing (NLP) practitioners for over a decade, because of its richness in information, but also challenges for automatic processing. Since language use is more informal,…

Language technologies should be judged on their usefulness in real-world use cases. An often overlooked aspect in natural language processing (NLP) research and evaluation is language variation in the form of non-standard dialects or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Fahim Faisal , Orevaoghene Ahia , Aarohi Srivastava , Kabir Ahuja , David Chiang , Yulia Tsvetkov , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for global enterprise applications due to substantial performance gaps between high-resource and mid/low-resource languages, driven by English-centric pretraining and internal reasoning biases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amit Agarwal , Hansa Meghwani , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth