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Diffusion models have emerged as effective distribution estimators in vision, language, and reinforcement learning, but their use as priors in downstream tasks poses an intractable posterior inference problem. This paper studies amortized…

Geophysical inverse problems are often ill-posed and admit multiple solutions. Conventional discriminative methods typically yield a single deterministic solution, which fails to model the posterior distribution, cannot generate diverse…

We propose an efficient framework for amortized conditional inference by leveraging exact conditional score-guided diffusion models to train a non-reversible neural network as a conditional generative model. Traditional normalizing flow…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zezhong Zhang , Caroline Tatsuoka , Dongbin Xiu , Guannan Zhang

Zero-shot diffusion posterior sampling offers a flexible framework for inverse problems by accommodating arbitrary degradation operators at test time, but incurs high computational cost due to repeated likelihood-guided updates. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Léon Zheng , Thomas Hirtz , Yazid Janati , Eric Moulines

Diffusion models offer stable training and state-of-the-art performance for deep generative modeling tasks. Here, we consider their use in the context of multivariate subsurface modeling and probabilistic inversion. We first demonstrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Roberto Miele , Niklas Linde

As a widely recognized approach to deep generative modeling, Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) still face challenges with the quality of generated images, often presenting noticeable blurriness. This issue stems from the unrealistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Posterior sampling in high-dimensional spaces using generative models holds significant promise for various applications, including but not limited to inverse problems and guided generation tasks. Despite many recent developments,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-04 Vishal Purohit , Matthew Repasky , Jianfeng Lu , Qiang Qiu , Yao Xie , Xiuyuan Cheng

Neural posterior estimation (NPE), a simulation-based computational approach for Bayesian inference, has shown great success in approximating complex posterior distributions. Existing NPE methods typically rely on normalizing flows, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-14 Tianyu Chen , Vansh Bansal , James G. Scott

Sampling from the posterior is a key technical problem in Bayesian statistics. Rigorous guarantees are difficult to obtain for Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms of common use. In this paper, we study an alternative class of algorithms…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-26 Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in generating high-quality samples. Existing diffusion-based image restoration algorithms exploit pre-trained diffusion models to leverage data priors, yet they still preserve elements…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-07 Hongjie Wu , Linchao He , Mingqin Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Kunming Luo , Mengting Luo , Ji-Zhe Zhou , Hu Chen , Jiancheng Lv

Diffusion models have been recently studied as powerful generative inverse problem solvers, owing to their high quality reconstructions and the ease of combining existing iterative solvers. However, most works focus on solving simple linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Michael T. Mccann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

This paper proposes a new unsupervised audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) approach that combines a diffusion-based audio-visual speech generative model with a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) noise model. First, the diffusion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Jean-Eudes Ayilo , Mostafa Sadeghi , Romain Serizel , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Diffusion models have become fundamental tools for modeling data distributions in machine learning. Despite their success, these models face challenges when generating data with extreme brightness values, as evidenced by limitations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Takuro Kutsuna

In this work, we investigate the domain generalization capabilities of diffusion models in the context of synthesizing images that are distinct from the training data. Instead of fine-tuning, we tackle this challenge from a sampling-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ye Zhu , Yu Wu , Duo Xu , Zhiwei Deng , Yan Yan , Olga Russakovsky

Solving ill-posed inverse problems requires careful formulation of prior beliefs over the signals of interest and an accurate description of their manifestation into noisy measurements. Handcrafted signal priors based on e.g. sparsity are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Tristan S. W. Stevens , Hans van Gorp , Faik C. Meral , Junseob Shin , Jason Yu , Jean-Luc Robert , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

We study the problem of training diffusion models to sample from a distribution with a given unnormalized density or energy function. We benchmark several diffusion-structured inference methods, including simulation-based variational…

We derive a novel generative model from iterative Gaussian posterior inference. By treating the generated sample as an unknown variable, we can formulate the sampling process in the language of Bayesian probability. Our model uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Marten Lienen , Marcel Kollovieh , Stephan Günnemann

Recently, conditional score-based diffusion models have gained significant attention in the field of supervised speech enhancement, yielding state-of-the-art performance. However, these methods may face challenges when generalising to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Berné Nortier , Mostafa Sadeghi , Romain Serizel

In the field of inverse estimation for systems modeled by partial differential equations (PDEs), challenges arise when estimating high- (or even infinite-) dimensional parameters. Typically, the ill-posed nature of such problems…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yankun Hong , Harshit Bansal , Karen Veroy
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