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Code embeddings are essential for semantic code search; however, current approaches often struggle to capture the precise syntactic and contextual nuances inherent in code. Open-source models such as CodeBERT and UniXcoder exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Saumya Chaturvedi , Aman Chadha , Laurent Bindschaedler

With the breakthrough of Transformer-based pre-trained models, the demand for fine-tuning (FT) to adapt the base pre-trained models to downstream applications continues to grow, so it is essential for service providers to reduce the cost of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sheng Lin , Fangcheng Fu , Haoyang Li , Hao Ge , Xuanyu Wang , Jiawen Niu , Yaofeng Tu , Bin Cui

Modern Transformer-based models frequently suffer from miscalibration, producing overconfident predictions that do not reflect true empirical frequencies. This work investigates the calibration dynamics of LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Bartosz Trojan , Filip Gębala

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for adapting large-scale pre-trained models to downstream tasks with minimal additional parameters. Among PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out for its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nghiem T. Diep , Dung Le , Tuan Truong , Tan Dinh , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Low rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a prominent technique for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) thanks to its superb efficiency gains over previous methods. While extensive studies have examined the performance and structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zi Liang , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Yaxin Xiao , Ronghua Li

Modern on-device neural network applications must operate under resource constraints while adapting to unpredictable domain shifts. However, this combined challenge-model compression and domain adaptation-remains largely unaddressed, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yoojin Kwon , Hongjun Suh , Wooseok Lee , Taesik Gong , Songyi Han , Hyung-Sin Kim

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been prominently employed for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). However, the limited expressive capacity of LoRA, stemming from the low-rank constraint, has been recognized as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhiwei He , Zhaopeng Tu , Xing Wang , Xingyu Chen , Zhijie Wang , Jiahao Xu , Tian Liang , Wenxiang Jiao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) and storing them for each downstream task or domain is impractical because of the massive model size (e.g., 350GB in GPT-3). Current literature, such as LoRA, showcases the potential of low-rank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , KL Navaneet , Parsa Nooralinejad , Soheil Kolouri , Hamed Pirsiavash

In this paper, we introduce Symmetric Low-Rank Adapters, an optimized variant of LoRA with even fewer weights. This method utilizes Low-Rank Symmetric Weight Matrices to learn downstream tasks more efficiently. Traditional LoRA accumulates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Tales Panoutsos , Rodrygo L. T. Santos , Flavio Figueiredo

Recently, pre-trained model and efficient parameter tuning have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing and high-level computer vision with the aid of masked modeling and prompt tuning. In low-level computer vision,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Donwon Park , Hayeon Kim , Se Young Chun

Adapting large pretrained vision models to medical image classification is often limited by memory, computation, and task-specific specializations. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods like LoRA reduce this cost by learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Moein Heidari , Yijin Huang , Yasamin Medghalchi , Alireza Rafiee , Roger Tam , Ilker Hacihaliloglu

As the number of model parameters increases, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become the go-to choice for tailoring pre-trained large language models. Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) uses a low-rank update method to simulate full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yongkang Liu , Xing Li , Mengjie Zhao , Shanru Zhang , Zijing Wang , Qian Li , Shi Feng , Feiliang Ren , Daling Wang , Hinrich Schütze

This paper investigates the application of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to small models for cross-domain few-shot object detection in aerial images. Originally designed for large-scale models, LoRA helps mitigate overfitting, making it a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Hicham Talaoubrid , Anissa Mokraoui , Ismail Ben Ayed , Axel Prouvost , Sonimith Hang , Monit Korn , Rémi Harvey

The rapid development of parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods has noticeably improved the efficiency of adapting large language models. Among these, LoRA has gained widespread popularity due to its strong balance of effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Yongfu Xue

We propose Quantum-informed Tensor Adaptation (QuanTA), a novel, easy-to-implement, fine-tuning method with no inference overhead for large-scale pre-trained language models. By leveraging quantum-inspired methods derived from quantum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zhuo Chen , Rumen Dangovski , Charlotte Loh , Owen Dugan , Di Luo , Marin Soljačić

With the ever-growing size of pretrained models (PMs), fine-tuning them has become more expensive and resource-hungry. As a remedy, low-rank adapters (LoRA) keep the main pretrained weights of the model frozen and just introduce some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Mojtaba Valipour , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Ivan Kobyzev , Ali Ghodsi

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is increasingly costly as models scale to hundreds of billions of parameters, and even parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods like LoRA remain resource-intensive. We introduce LowRA, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Zikai Zhou , Qizheng Zhang , Hermann Kumbong , Kunle Olukotun

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a standard tool for parameter-efficient finetuning of large models. While it induces a small memory footprint, its training dynamics can be surprisingly complex as they depend on several hyperparameters such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nan Chen , Soledad Villar , Soufiane Hayou

The scaling law of Large Language Models (LLMs) reveals a power-law relationship, showing diminishing return on performance as model scale increases. While training LLMs from scratch is resource-intensive, fine-tuning a pre-trained model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yiyun Zhou , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jun Liu , Yunming Liao , Hongli Xu , Yang Xu , Jianchun Liu , Chen Qian