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Having access to multi-modal cues (e.g. vision and audio) empowers some cognitive tasks to be done faster compared to learning from a single modality. In this work, we propose to transfer knowledge across heterogeneous modalities, even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Yanbei Chen , Yongqin Xian , A. Sophia Koepke , Ying Shan , Zeynep Akata

Human auditory perception is compositional in nature -- we identify auditory streams from auditory scenes with multiple sound events. However, such auditory scenes are typically represented using clip-level representations that do not…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sripathi Sridhar , Mark Cartwright

Multi-modality perception is essential to develop interactive intelligence. In this work, we consider a new task of visual information-infused audio inpainting, \ie synthesizing missing audio segments that correspond to their accompanying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Hang Zhou , Ziwei Liu , Xudong Xu , Ping Luo , Xiaogang Wang

This paper focuses on the Audio-Visual Question Answering (AVQA) task that aims to answer questions derived from untrimmed audible videos. To generate accurate answers, an AVQA model is expected to find the most informative audio-visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Zhangbin Li , Dan Guo , Jinxing Zhou , Jing Zhang , Meng Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable visual reasoning abilities in natural images, text-rich documents, and graphic designs. However, their ability to interpret music sheets remains underexplored. To bridge this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Jian Chen , Wenye Ma , Penghang Liu , Wei Wang , Tengwei Song , Ming Li , Chenguang Wang , Jiayu Qin , Ruiyi Zhang , Changyou Chen

Learning music representations that are general-purpose offers the flexibility to finetune several downstream tasks using smaller datasets. The wav2vec 2.0 speech representation model showed promising results in many downstream speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-28 Alessandro Ragano , Emmanouil Benetos , Andrew Hines

When songs are composed or performed, there is often an intent by the singer/songwriter of expressing feelings or emotions through it. For humans, matching the emotiveness in a musical composition or performance with the subjective…

Although audio-visual representation has been proved to be applicable in many downstream tasks, the representation of dancing videos, which is more specific and always accompanied by music with complex auditory contents, remains challenging…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Jiashuo Yu , Junfu Pu , Ying Cheng , Rui Feng , Ying Shan

We are perceiving and communicating with the world in a multisensory manner, where different information sources are sophisticatedly processed and interpreted by separate parts of the human brain to constitute a complex, yet harmonious and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ye Zhu , Yu Wu , Nicu Sebe , Yan Yan

The evaluation of music understanding in Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) requires a rigorously defined benchmark that truly tests whether models can perceive and interpret music, a standard that current data methodologies frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Benno Weck , Pablo Puentes , Andrea Poltronieri , Satyajeet Prabhu , Dmitry Bogdanov

Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a unique challenge as it requires the ability to understand and encode the multi-modal inputs - in terms of image processing and natural language processing. The algorithm further needs to learn how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Supriya Pandhre , Shagun Sodhani

Audio representations for music information retrieval are typically learned via supervised learning in a task-specific fashion. Although effective at producing state-of-the-art results, this scheme lacks flexibility with respect to the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Ilaria Manco , Emmanouil Benetos , Elio Quinton , Gyorgy Fazekas

Realistic music generation is a challenging task. When building generative models of music that are learnt from data, typically high-level representations such as scores or MIDI are used that abstract away the idiosyncrasies of a particular…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Sander Dieleman , Aäron van den Oord , Karen Simonyan

Audio-visual representation learning is an important task from the perspective of designing machines with the ability to understand complex events. To this end, we propose a novel multimodal framework that instantiates multiple instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Sanjeel Parekh , Slim Essid , Alexey Ozerov , Ngoc Q. K. Duong , Patrick Pérez , Gaël Richard

While music generation models have evolved to handle complex multimodal inputs mixing text, lyrics, and reference audio, evaluation mechanisms have lagged behind. In this paper, we bridge this critical gap by establishing a comprehensive…

Music can be represented in multiple forms, such as in the audio form as a recording of a performance, in the symbolic form as a computer readable score, or in the image form as a scan of the sheet music. Music synchronisation provides a…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Ruchit Agrawal

Multimodal large language models have recently achieved remarkable progress in video question answering (VideoQA) by jointly processing visual, textual, and audio information. However, it remains unclear which video representations are most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Zhi Li , Yanan Wang , Hao Niu , Julio Vizcarra , Masato Taya

Audiovisual representation learning typically relies on the correspondence between sight and sound. However, there are often multiple audio tracks that can correspond with a visual scene. Consider, for example, different conversations on…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Nikhil Singh , Chih-Wei Wu , Iroro Orife , Mahdi Kalayeh

Question Answering (QA) systems have traditionally relied on structured text data, but the rapid growth of multimedia content (images, audio, video, and structured metadata) has introduced new challenges and opportunities for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Rahul Raja , Arpita Vats

Large audio language models (LALMs) leverage multimodal representations to generate open-ended answers to natural language queries about audio. In this paper, we (1) provide empirical evidence that assessment of LALMs using the popular…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Daniel Chenyu Lin , Michael Freeman , John Thickstun