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Large language models (LLMs) struggle with the factual error during inference due to the lack of sufficient training data and the most updated knowledge, leading to the hallucination problem. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zulun Zhu , Tiancheng Huang , Kai Wang , Junda Ye , Xinghe Chen , Siqiang Luo

Incorporating specific knowledge into large language models via retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a widespread technique that fuels many of today's industry AI applications. A fundamental problem is to assess if the context retrieved…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Florian Geissler , Francesco Carella , Laura Fieback , Jakob Spiegelberg

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly mitigates the hallucinations and domain knowledge deficiency in large language models by incorporating external knowledge bases. However, the multi-module architecture of RAG introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanming Mu , Hao Hu , Feiyang Li , Qiao Yuan , Jiang Wu , Zichuan Liu , Pengcheng Liu , Mei Wang , Hongwei Zhou , Yuling Liu

Given the growing trend of many organizations integrating Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) into their operations, we assess RAG on domain-specific data and test state-of-the-art models across various optimization techniques. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Gentrit Fazlija , Andrei Staradubets , Florian Matthes

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user needs. However, existing RAG systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zirui Guo , Lianghao Xia , Yanhua Yu , Tu Ao , Chao Huang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into the public health policy sector offers a transformative approach to navigating the vast repositories of regulatory guidance maintained by agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Anuj Maharjan , Umesh Yadav

Patient matching is the process of linking patients to appropriate clinical trials by accurately identifying and matching their medical records with trial eligibility criteria. We propose LLM-Match, a novel framework for patient matching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xiaodi Li , Shaika Chowdhury , Chung Il Wi , Maria Vassilaki , Xiaoke Liu , Terence T Sio , Owen Garrick , Young J Juhn , James R Cerhan , Cui Tao , Nansu Zong

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

Ensuring compliance with international data protection standards for privacy and data security is a crucial but complex task, often requiring substantial legal expertise. This paper introduces LegiLM, a novel legal language model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Linkai Zhu , Lu Yang , Chaofan Li , Shanwen Hu , Lu Liu , Bin Yin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves the response quality of large language models (LLMs) by retrieving knowledge from external databases. Typical RAG approaches split the text database into chunks, organizing them in a flat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Boyu Chen , Zirui Guo , Zidan Yang , Yuluo Chen , Junze Chen , Zhenghao Liu , Chuan Shi , Cheng Yang

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

This research explores the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automating the extraction of requirement-related legal content in the food safety domain and checking legal compliance of regulatory artifacts. With Industry 4.0…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Shabnam Hassani

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has markedly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in tackling knowledge-intensive tasks. The increasing demands of application scenarios have driven the evolution of RAG, leading to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yunfan Gao , Yun Xiong , Meng Wang , Haofen Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user queries. These systems, however, remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Huichi Zhou , Kin-Hei Lee , Zhonghao Zhan , Yue Chen , Zhenhao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Hamed Haddadi , Emine Yilmaz

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong potential across a variety of tasks, but their application in the telecom field remains challenging due to domain complexity, evolving standards, and specialized terminology. Therefore,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Dun Yuan , Hao Zhou , Xue Liu , Hao Chen , Yan Xin , Jianzhong , Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising technique for applying LLMs to proprietary domains. However, retrieved documents may contain sensitive knowledge, posing risks of privacy leakage in generative results. Thus, effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yujing Wang , Hainan Zhang , Liang Pang , Yongxin Tong , Binghui Guo , Hongwei Zheng , Zhiming Zheng

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge from retrieved documents, thereby overcoming the limitations of models' static intrinsic knowledge.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Jingjie Zheng , Aryo Pradipta Gema , Giwon Hong , Xuanli He , Pasquale Minervini , Youcheng Sun , Qiongkai Xu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have recently shown remarkable advancements by integrating retrieval mechanisms into language models, enhancing their ability to produce more accurate and contextually relevant responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Siran Li , Linus Stenzel , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Conformance checking techniques detect undesired process behavior by comparing process executions that are recorded in event logs to desired behavior that is captured in a dedicated process model. If such models are not available,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Michael Grohs , Adrian Rebmann , Jana-Rebecca Rehse