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State-of-the-art generative text-to-image models are known to exhibit social biases and over-represent certain groups like people of perceived lighter skin tones and men in their outcomes. In this work, we propose a method to mitigate such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Piero Esposito , Parmida Atighehchian , Anastasis Germanidis , Deepti Ghadiyaram

Advances in generative models have led to significant interest in image synthesis, demonstrating the ability to generate high-quality images for a diverse range of text prompts. Despite this progress, most studies ignore the presence of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Nila Masrourisaadat , Nazanin Sedaghatkish , Fatemeh Sarshartehrani , Edward A. Fox

The rapid development of text-to-image generation has brought rising ethical considerations, especially regarding gender bias. Given a text prompt as input, text-to-image models generate images according to the prompt. Pioneering models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Yankun Wu , Yuta Nakashima , Noa Garcia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to generate text across various languages, for tasks such as translation, customer support, and education. Despite these advancements, LLMs show notable gender biases in English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Ishika Joshi , Ishita Gupta , Adrita Dey , Tapan Parikh

Recent studies have shown that generative language models often reflect and amplify societal biases in their outputs. However, these studies frequently conflate observed biases with other task-specific shortcomings, such as comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Akshita Jha , Sanchit Kabra , Chandan K. Reddy

With the rise of human-machine communication, machines are increasingly designed with humanlike characteristics, such as gender, which can inadvertently trigger cognitive biases. Many conversational agents (CAs), such as voice assistants…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Weizi Liu

This study analyzes whether subtle variations in the survey questionnaire phrasing influence participant engagement and whether these effects differ by gender. Building on theories of social pressure and politeness norms, it is hypothesized…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-04 Sevgi Çolak

We present a novel generative model that combines state-of-the-art neural text-to-speech (TTS) with semi-supervised probabilistic latent variable models. By providing partial supervision to some of the latent variables, we are able to force…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Raza Habib , Soroosh Mariooryad , Matt Shannon , Eric Battenberg , RJ Skerry-Ryan , Daisy Stanton , David Kao , Tom Bagby

Neural Machine Translation systems built on top of Transformer-based architectures are routinely improving the state-of-the-art in translation quality according to word-overlap metrics. However, a growing number of studies also highlight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Shanya Sharma , Manan Dey , Koustuv Sinha

In recent years, there has been significant progress in Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis technology, enabling the high-quality synthesis of voices in common scenarios. In unseen situations, adaptive TTS requires a strong generalization…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Zhipeng Li , Xiaofen Xing , Jun Wang , Shuaiqi Chen , Guoqiao Yu , Guanglu Wan , Xiangmin Xu

Style transfer TTS has shown impressive performance in recent years. However, style control is often restricted to systems built on expressive speech recordings with discrete style categories. In practical situations, users may be…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Guanghou Liu , Yongmao Zhang , Yi Lei , Yunlin Chen , Rui Wang , Zhifei Li , Lei Xie

Turn-taking is a fundamental aspect of human communication where speakers convey their intention to either hold, or yield, their turn through prosodic cues. Using the recently proposed Voice Activity Projection model, we propose an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-30 Erik Ekstedt , Siyang Wang , Éva Székely , Joakim Gustafson , Gabriel Skantze

Women are often perceived as junior to their male counterparts, even within the same job titles. While there has been significant progress in the evaluation of gender bias in natural language processing (NLP), existing studies seldom…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Samhita Honnavalli , Aesha Parekh , Lily Ou , Sophie Groenwold , Sharon Levy , Vicente Ordonez , William Yang Wang

Prompt engineering is widely used to shape large language model behavior, yet it is often treated as a practical heuristic rather than as a form of natural-language control. This paper develops a cognitive-semantic account in which prompts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Dongseok Kim , Hyoungsun Choi , Mohamed Jismy Aashik Rasool , Gisung Oh

Bias amplification is a phenomenon in which models exacerbate biases or stereotypes present in the training data. In this paper, we study bias amplification in the text-to-image domain using Stable Diffusion by comparing gender ratios in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Preethi Seshadri , Sameer Singh , Yanai Elazar

Text-to-speech (TTS) has advanced from generating natural-sounding speech to enabling fine-grained control over attributes like emotion, timbre, and style. Driven by rising industrial demand and breakthroughs in deep learning, e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tianxin Xie , Yan Rong , Pengfei Zhang , Wenwu Wang , Li Liu

Expressive speech synthesis, like audiobook synthesis, is still challenging for style representation learning and prediction. Deriving from reference audio or predicting style tags from text requires a huge amount of labeled data, which is…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yihan Wu , Xi Wang , Shaofei Zhang , Lei He , Ruihua Song , Jian-Yun Nie

Language models encode and subsequently perpetuate harmful gendered stereotypes. Research has succeeded in mitigating some of these harms, e.g. by dissociating non-gendered terms such as occupations from gendered terms such as 'woman' and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Franziska Sofia Hafner , Ana Valdivia , Luc Rocher

Following the initial excitement, Text-to-Image (TTI) models are now being examined more critically. While much of the discourse has focused on biases and stereotypes embedded in large-scale training datasets, the sociotechnical dynamics of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Maria-Teresa De Rosa Palmini , Eva Cetinic

With the growing deployment of large language models (LLMs) across various applications, assessing the influence of gender biases embedded in LLMs becomes crucial. The topic of gender bias within the realm of natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Jinman Zhao , Yitian Ding , Chen Jia , Yining Wang , Zifan Qian
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