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Semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising paradigm for 6G wireless systems by transmitting task-relevant information rather than raw bits, yet existing approaches remain vulnerable to dual sources of uncertainty: semantic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Long Tan Le , Senura Hansaja Wanasekara , Zerun Niu , Nguyen H. Tran , Phuong Vo , Walid Saad , Dusit Niyato , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong , H. Vincent Poor

Large unimodal foundation models for vision and language encode rich semantic structures, yet aligning them typically requires computationally intensive multimodal fine-tuning. Such approaches depend on large-scale parameter updates, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Abhishek Dalvi , Vasant Honavar

The sliced Wasserstein barycenter (SWB) is a widely acknowledged method for efficiently generalizing the averaging operation within probability measure spaces. However, achieving marginal fairness SWB, ensuring approximately equal distances…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-05 Khai Nguyen , Hai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Reinforcement learning algorithms, though successful, tend to over-fit to training environments hampering their application to the real-world. This paper proposes $\text{W}\text{R}^{2}\text{L}$ -- a robust reinforcement learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Mohammed Amin Abdullah , Hang Ren , Haitham Bou Ammar , Vladimir Milenkovic , Rui Luo , Mingtian Zhang , Jun Wang

Recent studies have demonstrated that vision models can effectively learn multimodal audio-image representations when paired. However, the challenge of enabling deep models to learn representations from unpaired modalities remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yasar Abbas Ur Rehman , Kin Wai Lau , Yuyang Xie , Ma Lan , JiaJun Shen

In deepfake detection, the varying degrees of compression employed by social media platforms pose significant challenges for model generalization and reliability. Although existing methods have progressed from single-modal to multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ching-Yi Lai , Chih-Yu Jian , Pei-Cheng Chuang , Chia-Ming Lee , Chih-Chung Hsu , Chiou-Ting Hsu , Chia-Wen Lin

Kernel adaptive filtering (KAF) integrates traditional linear algorithms with kernel methods to generate nonlinear solutions in the input space. The standard approach relies on the representer theorem and the kernel trick to perform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-16 Kan Li , Jose C. Principe

Current audio captioning relies on supervised learning with paired audio-caption data, which is costly to curate and may not reflect human preferences in real-world scenarios. To address this, we propose a preference-aligned audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Kartik Hegde , Rehana Mahfuz , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Generating audio captions is a new research area that combines audio and natural language processing to create meaningful textual descriptions for audio clips. To address this problem, previous studies mostly use the encoder-decoder based…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Ayşegül Özkaya Eren , Mustafa Sert

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization offers a framework for model fitting in machine learning under potential shifts in the data distribution. We study a regularized variant of this problem in which entropic smoothing produces a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tam Le

Unsupervised word segmentation in audio utterances is challenging as, in speech, there is typically no gap between words. In a preliminary experiment, we show that recent deep self-supervised features are very effective for word…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-04 Tzeviya Sylvia Fuchs , Yedid Hoshen

In pulse-echo ultrasound, aberration often degrades image quality when beamforming does not account for wavefront distortions. To address this issue, local sound speed estimators have been developed in the past decade for distributed…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Louise Zhuang , Samuel Beuret , Ben Frey , Saachi Munot , Walter Simson , Dongwoon Hyun , Jeremy J. Dahl

Remote sensing image interpretation plays a critical role in environmental monitoring, urban planning, and disaster assessment. However, acquiring high-quality labeled data is often costly and time-consuming. To address this challenge, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tong Wang , Guanzhou Chen , Xiaodong Zhang , Chenxi Liu , Jiaqi Wang , Xiaoliang Tan , Wenchao Guo , Qingyuan Yang , Kaiqi Zhang

Weakly-supervised grounded image captioning (WSGIC) aims to generate the caption and ground (localize) predicted object words in the input image without using bounding box supervision. Recent two-stage solutions mostly apply a bottom-up…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Chen Cai , Suchen Wang , Kim-hui Yap , Yi Wang

The rapid evolution of speech synthesis and voice conversion has raised substantial concerns due to the potential misuse of such technology, prompting a pressing need for effective audio deepfake detection mechanisms. Existing detection…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xiaohui Zhang , Jiangyan Yi , Chenglong Wang , Chuyuan Zhang , Siding Zeng , Jianhua Tao

The encoder-decoder framework has become widely popular nowadays. In this model, the encoder extracts informative visual features from an input image, and the decoder employs a sequence-to-sequence formulation to generate the corresponding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Swadhin Das , Vivek Yadav

This study proposes a novel framework for spectral unmixing by using 1D convolution kernels and spectral uncertainty. High-level representations are computed from data, and they are further modeled with the Multinomial Mixture Model to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Savas Ozkan , Gozde Bozdagi Akar

Discriminativeness is a desirable feature of image captions: captions should describe the characteristic details of input images. However, recent high-performing captioning models, which are trained with reinforcement learning (RL), tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Ukyo Honda , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

Temporal alignment of multiple signals through time warping is crucial in many fields, such as classification within speech recognition or robot motion learning. Almost all related works are limited to data in Euclidean space. Although an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Julian Richter , Christopher A. Erdös , Christian Scheurer , Jochen J. Steil , Niels Dehio

Video captioning in essential is a complex natural process, which is affected by various uncertainties stemming from video content, subjective judgment, etc. In this paper we build on the recent progress in using encoder-decoder framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-23 Jingkuan Song , Yuyu Guo , Lianli Gao , Xuelong Li , Alan Hanjalic , Heng Tao Shen