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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge to answer questions more accurately. However, research on evaluating RAG systems-particularly the retriever component-remains limited, as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lorenz Brehme , Thomas Ströhle , Ruth Breu

Generating high-quality answers consistently by providing contextual information embedded in the prompt passed to the Large Language Model (LLM) is dependent on the quality of information retrieval. As the corpus of contextual information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Sai Ganesh , Anupam Purwar , Gautam B

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, they still face persistent challenges in retrieval inefficiency and the inability of LLMs to filter out irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ruobing Yao , Yifei Zhang , Shuang Song , Yuhua Liu , Neng Gao , Chenyang Tu

The rapid evolution of mobile edge computing (MEC) has introduced significant challenges in optimizing resource allocation in highly dynamic wireless communication systems, in which task offloading decisions should be made in real-time.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Runtao Ren , Yinyu Wu , Xuhui Zhang , Jinke Ren , Yanyan Shen , Shuqiang Wang , Kim-Fung Tsang

In cross-cultural recipe adaptation, the goal is not only to ensure cultural appropriateness and retain the original dish's essence, but also to provide diverse options for various dietary needs and preferences. Retrieval Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tianyi Hu , Andrea Morales-Garzón , Jingyi Zheng , Maria Maistro , Daniel Hershcovich

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps LLMs stay accurate, but feeding long documents into a prompt makes the model slow and expensive. This has motivated context compression, ranging from token pruning and summarization to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Jianbo Li , Yi Jiang , Sendong Zhao , Bairui Hu , Haochun Wang , Bing Qin

Video-on-demand streaming has benefitted from \textit{content-adaptive encoding} (CAE), i.e., adaptation of resolution and/or quantization parameters for each scene based on convex hull optimization. However, CAE is very challenging to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Shakarim Soltanayev , Odysseas Zisimopoulos , Mohammad Ashraful Anam , Man Cheung Kung , Angeliki Katsenou , Yiannis Andreopoulos

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) extends large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge but faces key challenges: restricted effective context length and redundancy in retrieved documents. Pure compression-based approaches reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yiqiao Jin , Kartik Sharma , Vineeth Rakesh , Yingtong Dou , Menghai Pan , Mahashweta Das , Srijan Kumar

Long-context large language models (LC LLMs) combined with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) hold strong potential for complex multi-hop and large-document tasks. However, existing RAG systems often suffer from imprecise retrieval,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Woosang Lim , Zekun Li , Gyuwan Kim , Sungyoung Ji , HyeonJung Kim , Kyuri Choi , Jin Hyuk Lim , Kyungpyo Park , William Yang Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks by integrating the strengths of large language models (LLMs) and external knowledge databases. However, RAG introduces long…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Chao Jin , Zili Zhang , Xuanlin Jiang , Fangyue Liu , Xin Liu , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances factual grounding in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved evidence, but LLM accuracy declines when long or noisy contexts exceed the model's effective attention span. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Debashish Chakraborty , Eugene Yang , Daniel Khashabi , Dawn Lawrie , Kevin Duh

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a critical approach to supplement the inherent knowledge limitations of LLMs. However, due to the typically large volume of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yuhao Wang , Ruiyang Ren , Yucheng Wang , Jing Liu , Wayne Xin Zhao , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Deploying useful Long-Context Transformer Models (LCTMs) requires addressing two key challenges: (1) A growing memory footprint due to quadratic self-attention and linear KV-cache scaling in memory as sequence length increases; (2) the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Baisub Lee , Sanghyun Byun , Mohanad Odema , Jung Guack , Jacob Song , Woo Seong Chung

Recent advances in reasoning models have demonstrated significant improvements in accuracy by employing detailed and comprehensive reasoning processes. However, generating these lengthy reasoning sequences is computationally expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yijiong Yu

A common approach to question answering with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is to concatenate documents into a single context and pass it to a language model to generate an answer. While simple, this strategy can obscure the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jinghong Chen , Jingbiao Mei , Guangyu Yang , Bill Byrne

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) combines the language understanding and reasoning power of large language models (LLMs) with external retrieval to enable domain-grounded responses. Effectively adapting RAG systems to domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chris Xing Tian , Weihao Xie , Zhen Chen , Zhengyuan Yi , Hui Liu , Haoliang Li , Shiqi Wang , Siwei Ma

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves the reliability of large language model (LLM) answers by integrating external knowledge. However, RAG increases the end-to-end inference time since looking for relevant documents from large…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access broader knowledge sources, yet factual inconsistencies persist due to noise in retrieved documents-even with advanced retrieval methods. We demonstrate that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yongjian Li , HaoCheng Chu , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Shi Yu , Zheni Zeng , Ruobing Wang , Sen Song , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a common method for integrating external knowledge into pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance accuracy and relevancy in question answering (QA) tasks. However, prompt engineering and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Isaac Chung , Phat Vo , Arman C. Kizilkale , Aaron Reite

Extrapolating ultra-long contexts (text length >128K) remains a major challenge for large language models (LLMs), as most training-free extrapolation methods are not only severely limited by memory bottlenecks, but also suffer from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jing Xiong , Jianghan Shen , Chuanyang Zheng , Zhongwei Wan , Chenyang Zhao , Chiwun Yang , Fanghua Ye , Hongxia Yang , Lingpeng Kong , Ngai Wong