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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has quickly grown into a pivotal paradigm in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs). Although existing research mainly emphasizes accuracy and efficiency, the trustworthiness of RAG systems…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, but their proficiency in producing secure code remains a critical, under-explored area. Existing benchmarks often fall short by relying on synthetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yanlin Wang , Ziyao Zhang , Chong Wang , Xinyi Xu , Mingwei Liu , Yong Wang , Jiachi Chen , Zibin Zheng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines must address challenges beyond simple single-document retrieval, such as interpreting visual elements (tables, charts, images), synthesizing information across documents, and providing accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 António Loison , Quentin Macé , Antoine Edy , Victor Xing , Tom Balough , Gabriel Moreira , Bo Liu , Manuel Faysse , Céline Hudelot , Gautier Viaud

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique that enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources. This method addresses common LLM limitations, including outdated information and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yuanjie Lyu , Zhiyu Li , Simin Niu , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Wenjin Wang , Hao Wu , Huanyong Liu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm to enhance large language models (LLMs) by conditioning generation on external evidence retrieved at inference time. While RAG addresses critical limitations of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chaitanya Sharma

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architectures have recently garnered significant attention for their ability to improve truth grounding and coherence in natural language processing tasks. However, the reliability of RAG systems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Joel Suro

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models by incorporating context retrieved from external knowledge sources. While the effectiveness of the retrieval module is typically evaluated with relevance-based ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jia-Huei Ju , Suzan Verberne , Maarten de Rijke , Andrew Yates

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become critical for knowledge-intensive applications, yet evaluating its performance in vertical domains remains difficult due to domain complexity, diverse context scales, and heavy reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jingbin Qian , Congwen Yi , Min Xia , Wen Wu , Jun Zhu , Jian Guan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a widely adopted approach for enhancing LLMs in scenarios that demand extensive factual knowledge. However, current RAG evaluations concentrate primarily on correctness, which may not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Vinh Nguyen , Cuong Dang , Jiahao Zhang , Hoa Tran , Minh Tran , Trinh Chau , Thai Le , Lu Cheng , Suhang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are very costly and inefficient to update with new information. To address this limitation, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been proposed as a solution that dynamically incorporates external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Sezen Perçin , Xin Su , Qutub Sha Syed , Phillip Howard , Aleksei Kuvshinov , Leo Schwinn , Kay-Ulrich Scholl

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of applications through their powerful capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, as LLMs are trained on static corpora, they face difficulties in addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yongjie Wang , Yue Yu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Given the growing trend of many organizations integrating Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) into their operations, we assess RAG on domain-specific data and test state-of-the-art models across various optimization techniques. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Gentrit Fazlija , Andrei Staradubets , Florian Matthes

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) showcase impressive capabilities but encounter challenges like hallucination, outdated knowledge, and non-transparent, untraceable reasoning processes. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yunfan Gao , Yun Xiong , Xinyu Gao , Kangxiang Jia , Jinliu Pan , Yuxi Bi , Yi Dai , Jiawei Sun , Meng Wang , Haofen Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in data synthesis but can be inaccurate in domain-specific tasks, which retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems address by leveraging user-provided data. However, RAGs require optimization in both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad , Lizhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but often produce inaccurate responses, as they rely solely on their embedded knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances LLMs by incorporating an external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Divyanshu Kumar , Jatan Loya , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Recent Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) aims to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating extensive knowledge retrieved from external sources. However, such approach encounters some challenges: Firstly, the original queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bolei He , Nuo Chen , Xinran He , Lingyong Yan , Zhenkai Wei , Jinchang Luo , Zhen-Hua Ling

Risk and Quality (R&Q) assurance in highly regulated industries requires constant navigation of complex regulatory frameworks, with employees handling numerous daily queries demanding accurate policy interpretation. Traditional methods…