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Discrete diffusion models have recently become competitive with autoregressive models for language modeling, even outperforming them on reasoning tasks requiring planning and global coherence, but they require more computation at inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Andre He , Sean Welleck , Daniel Fried

Logical reasoning is a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it reflects their ability to derive valid conclusions from given premises. While the combination of test-time scaling with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

The scalability of large language models for long-context reasoning is severely constrained by the linear growth of their Transformer key-value cache, which incurs significant memory and computational costs. We posit that as a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Giovanni Monea , Yair Feldman , Shankar Padmanabhan , Kianté Brantley , Yoav Artzi

Standard Transformers have a fixed computational depth, fundamentally limiting their ability to generalize to tasks requiring variable-depth reasoning, such as multi-hop graph traversal or nested logic. We propose a depth-recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hung-Hsuan Chen

Language models with recurrent depth, also referred to as universal or looped when considering transformers, are defined by the capacity to increase their computation through the repetition of layers. Recent efforts in pretraining have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jonas Geiping , Xinyu Yang , Guinan Su

We study how to scale reasoning token budgets for competitive programming through two complementary approaches: training-time reinforcement learning (RL) and test-time parallel thinking. During RL training, we observe an approximately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qianfan Zhang , Tianyu Guo , Xuandi Ren , Jiale Chen , Ming Ding , Ran Xin , Xia Xiao

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is a critical technique in enhancing the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), and latent reasoning methods have been proposed to accelerate the inefficient token-level reasoning chain. We notice that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Fangwei Zhu , Zhifang Sui

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has improved the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), but it remains unclear why it works and whether it is the unique mechanism for triggering reasoning in large language models. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenghao He , Guangzhi Xiong , Bohan Liu , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

The Languini Kitchen serves as both a research collective and codebase designed to empower researchers with limited computational resources to contribute meaningfully to the field of language modelling. We introduce an experimental protocol…

Recent work has demonstrated the remarkable potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in test-time scaling. By making models think before answering, they are able to achieve much higher accuracy with extra inference computation. However, in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yi Sun , Han Wang , Jiaqiang Li , Jiacheng Liu , Xiangyu Li , Hao Wen , Yizhen Yuan , Huiwen Zheng , Yan Liang , Yuanchun Li , Yunxin Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve superior performance through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but these token-level reasoning chains are computationally expensive and inefficient. In this paper, we introduce Compressed Latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenhui Tan , Jiaze Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Ruihua Song , Jian Luan

Test-time scaling has emerged as an effective approach for improving language model performance by utilizing additional compute at inference time. Recent studies have shown that overriding end-of-thinking tokens (e.g., replacing "</think>"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Liran Ringel , Elad Tolochinsky , Yaniv Romano

We introduce Parallel Coordinated Reasoning (PaCoRe), a training-and-inference framework designed to overcome a central limitation of contemporary language models: their inability to scale test-time compute (TTC) far beyond sequential…

One of the most striking findings in modern research on large language models (LLMs) is that scaling up compute during training leads to better results. However, less attention has been given to the benefits of scaling compute during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Sean Welleck , Amanda Bertsch , Matthew Finlayson , Hailey Schoelkopf , Alex Xie , Graham Neubig , Ilia Kulikov , Zaid Harchaoui

Test-time scaling has significantly improved large language model performance, enabling deeper reasoning to solve complex problems. However, this increased reasoning capability also leads to excessive token generation and unnecessary…

Inference-time scaling has attracted much attention which significantly enhance the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex reasoning tasks by increasing the length of Chain-of-Thought. These longer intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Hongru Wang , Deng Cai , Wanjun Zhong , Shijue Huang , Jeff Z. Pan , Zeming Liu , Kam-Fai Wong

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has become a foundation for eliciting multi-step reasoning in large language models, but recent studies show that its benefits do not scale monotonically with chain length: while longer CoT generally enables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Bin Lei , Caiwen Ding , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

Recent research enhances language model reasoning by scaling test-time compute via longer chain-of-thought traces. This often improves accuracy but also introduces redundancy and high computational cost, especially for small language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Xuechen Zhang , Zijian Huang , Chenshun Ni , Ziyang Xiong , Jiasi Chen , Samet Oymak

Advanced reasoning in large language models has achieved remarkable performance on challenging tasks, but the prevailing long-context reasoning paradigm faces critical limitations: quadratic computational scaling with sequence length,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yuchen Yan , Yongliang Shen , Yang Liu , Jin Jiang , Mengdi Zhang , Jian Shao , Yueting Zhuang

Recent studies have shown that making a model spend more time thinking through longer Chain of Thoughts (CoTs) enables it to gain significant improvements in complex reasoning tasks. While current researches continue to explore the benefits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenkai Yang , Shuming Ma , Yankai Lin , Furu Wei
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