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Summarization is a core task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) and the introduction of large context windows reaching millions of tokens make it possible to process entire books in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Tairan Fu , Javier Conde , Pedro Reviriego , Javier Coronado-Blázquez , Nina Melero , Elena Merino-Gómez

Contrastive Learning has emerged as a powerful representation learning method and facilitates various downstream tasks especially when supervised data is limited. How to construct efficient contrastive samples through data augmentation is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Yangkai Du , Tengfei Ma , Lingfei Wu , Fangli Xu , Xuhong Zhang , Bo Long , Shouling Ji

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have catalyzed the rise of reasoning-intensive inference paradigms, where models perform explicit step-by-step reasoning before generating final answers. While such approaches improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zichuan Fu , Xian Wu , Guojing Li , Yejing Wang , Yijun Chen , Zihao Zhao , Yixuan Luo , Hanyu Yan , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao

Automatic summarization of legal case judgements, which are known to be long and complex, has traditionally been tried via extractive summarization models. In recent years, generative models including abstractive summarization models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Aniket Deroy , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Saptarshi Ghosh

This paper introduces the Word Synchronization Challenge, a novel benchmark to evaluate large language models (LLMs) in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). This benchmark uses a dynamic game-like framework to test LLMs ability to mimic human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Tanguy Cazalets , Joni Dambre

Transfer learning from pretrained language models recently became the dominant approach for solving many NLP tasks. A common approach to transfer learning for multiple tasks that maximize parameter sharing trains one or more task-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Karen Hambardzumyan , Hrant Khachatrian , Jonathan May

Cross-domain analogical reasoning is a core creative ability that can be challenging for humans. Recent work has shown some proofs-of concept of Large language Models' (LLMs) ability to generate cross-domain analogies. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zijian Ding , Arvind Srinivasan , Stephen MacNeil , Joel Chan

With the surge of large language models (LLMs) and their ability to produce customized output, style-personalized text generation--"write like me"--has become a rapidly growing area of interest. However, style personalization is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Anubhav Jangra , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh , Silviu Cucerzan , Adrian de Wynter , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Recent studies provide large language models (LLMs) with textual task-solving experiences via prompts to improve their performance. However, previous methods rely on substantial human labor or time to gather such experiences for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Lingxiao Zou , Bibo Cai , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Language Models (LMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, enabling high-quality text generation through prompting and in-context learning. However, models often struggle with long-context summarization due to positional biases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Neelabh Sinha

The memory challenges associated with training Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a critical concern, particularly when using the Adam optimizer. To address this issue, numerous memory-efficient techniques have been proposed, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yiming Chen , Yuan Zhang , Yin Liu , Kun Yuan , Zaiwen Wen

Evaluation of natural language generation (NLG) is complex and multi-dimensional. Generated text can be evaluated for fluency, coherence, factuality, or any other dimensions of interest. Most frameworks that perform such multi-dimensional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Sameer Jain , Vaishakh Keshava , Swarnashree Mysore Sathyendra , Patrick Fernandes , Pengfei Liu , Graham Neubig , Chunting Zhou

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the emergence of general-purpose agents for automating end-to-end machine learning (ML) workflows, including data analysis, feature engineering, model training, and competition…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hangyi Jia , Yuxi Qian , Hanwen Tong , Xinhui Wu , Lin Chen , Feng Wei

Despite their superior performance on a wide range of domains, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to misuse for generating harmful content, a risk that has been further amplified by various jailbreak attacks. Existing jailbreak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yukun Jiang , Mingjie Li , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

While LLMs have shown great success in understanding and generating text in traditional conversational settings, their potential for performing ill-defined complex tasks is largely under-studied. Indeed, we are yet to conduct comprehensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Shubhra Kanti Karmaker Santu , Dongji Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse applications, yet they pose significant security risks that threaten their safe deployment in critical domains. Current security alignment methodologies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Pengfei Du

Large language models (LLMs) are capable of generating multiple responses to a single prompt, yet little effort has been expended to help end-users or system designers make use of this capability. In this paper, we explore how to present…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Katy Ilonka Gero , Chelse Swoopes , Ziwei Gu , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Elena L. Glassman

Recently, program synthesis driven by large language models (LLMs) has become increasingly popular. However, program synthesis for machine learning (ML) tasks still poses significant challenges. This paper explores a novel form of program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jinglue Xu , Jialong Li , Zhen Liu , Nagar Anthel Venkatesh Suryanarayanan , Guoyuan Zhou , Jia Guo , Hitoshi Iba , Kenji Tei

Modern abstractive summarization models often generate summaries that contain hallucinated or contradictory information. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective contrastive learning framework that incorporates recent developments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 I-Chun Chern , Zhiruo Wang , Sanjan Das , Bhavuk Sharma , Pengfei Liu , Graham Neubig

The effective assessment of the instruction-following ability of large language models (LLMs) is of paramount importance. A model that cannot adhere to human instructions might be not able to provide reliable and helpful responses. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yimin Jing , Renren Jin , Jiahao Hu , Huishi Qiu , Xiaohua Wang , Peng Wang , Deyi Xiong