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Policy constraint methods to offline reinforcement learning (RL) typically utilize parameterization or regularization that constrains the policy to perform actions within the support set of the behavior policy. The elaborative designs of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Jialong Wu , Haixu Wu , Zihan Qiu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated the powerful exploration capabilities and multimodality of generative diffusion-based policies. While substantial progress has been made in offline RL and off-policy RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Shutong Ding , Ke Hu , Shan Zhong , Haoyang Luo , Weinan Zhang , Jingya Wang , Jun Wang , Ye Shi

Diffusion policies have emerged as a powerful approach for robotic control, demonstrating superior expressiveness in modeling multimodal action distributions compared to conventional policy networks. However, their integration with online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Wonhyeok Choi , Shutong Ding , Minwoo Choi , Jungwan Woo , Kyumin Hwang , Jaeyeul Kim , Ye Shi , Sunghoon Im

The application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real world environments can be expensive or risky due to sub-optimal policies during training. In Offline RL, this problem is avoided since interactions with an environment are prohibited.…

Diffusion models are a class of flexible generative models trained with an approximation to the log-likelihood objective. However, most use cases of diffusion models are not concerned with likelihoods, but instead with downstream objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Kevin Black , Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

In batch reinforcement learning (RL), one often constrains a learned policy to be close to the behavior (data-generating) policy, e.g., by constraining the learned action distribution to differ from the behavior policy by some maximum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Sungryull Sohn , Yinlam Chow , Jayden Ooi , Ofir Nachum , Honglak Lee , Ed Chi , Craig Boutilier

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is widely used in continuous control due to its robustness and stable training, yet it remains sample-inefficient in tasks with expensive interactions and high-dimensional action spaces. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tianci Gao , Konstantin A. Neusypin , Dmitry D. Dmitriev , Bo Yang , Shengren Rao

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) addresses the problem of learning a performant policy from a fixed batch of data collected by following some behavior policy. Model-based approaches are particularly appealing in the offline setting since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Jihwan Jeong , Xiaoyu Wang , Michael Gimelfarb , Hyunwoo Kim , Baher Abdulhai , Scott Sanner

Diffusion policies have achieved superior performance in imitation learning and offline reinforcement learning (RL) due to their rich expressiveness. However, the conventional diffusion training procedure requires samples from target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haitong Ma , Tianyi Chen , Kai Wang , Na Li , Bo Dai

The core challenge of offline reinforcement learning (RL) is dealing with the (potentially catastrophic) extrapolation error induced by the distribution shift between the history dataset and the desired policy. A large portion of prior work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Laixi Shi , Robert Dadashi , Yuejie Chi , Pablo Samuel Castro , Matthieu Geist

While reinforcement learning methods such as Group Relative Preference Optimization (GRPO) have significantly enhanced Large Language Models, adapting them to diffusion models remains challenging. In particular, GRPO demands a stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yihong Luo , Tianyang Hu , Jing Tang

The recent remarkable progress of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) stands on regularization of policy for stable and efficient learning. A popular method, named proximal policy optimization (PPO), has been introduced for this purpose. PPO…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Taisuke Kobayashi

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) faces a critical challenge of overestimating the value of out-of-distribution (OOD) actions. Existing methods mitigate this issue by penalizing unseen samples, yet they fail to accurately identify OOD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qingjun Wang , Hongtu Zhou , Hang Yu , Junqiao Zhao , Yanping Zhao , Chen Ye , Ziqiao Wang , Guang Chen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) offers a powerful paradigm for data-driven control. Compared to model-free approaches, offline model-based RL (MBRL) explicitly learns a world model from a static dataset and uses it as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiayu Chen , Le Xu , Aravind Venugopal , Jeff Schneider

Model-based offline reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach that leverages existing data effectively in many real-world applications, especially those involving high-dimensional inputs like images and videos. To alleviate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Shenghua Wan , Ziyuan Chen , Le Gan , Shuai Feng , De-Chuan Zhan

Recently, diffusion model shines as a promising backbone for the sequence modeling paradigm in offline reinforcement learning(RL). However, these works mostly lack the generalization ability across tasks with reward or dynamics change. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Fei Ni , Jianye Hao , Yao Mu , Yifu Yuan , Yan Zheng , Bin Wang , Zhixuan Liang

Although multi-step generative policies achieve strong performance in robotic manipulation by modeling multimodal action distributions, they require multi-step iterative denoising at inference time. Each action therefore needs tens to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yuxuan Gao , Yedong Shen , Shiqi Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Yifan Duan , Jia pan , Jiajia Wu , Jiajun Deng , Yanyong Zhang

In reinforcement learning (RL) research, it is common to assume access to direct online interactions with the environment. However in many real-world applications, access to the environment is limited to a fixed offline dataset of logged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Yifan Wu , George Tucker , Ofir Nachum

We present a model-based offline reinforcement learning policy performance lower bound that explicitly captures dynamics model misspecification and distribution mismatch and we propose an empirical algorithm for optimal offline policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Kefan Dong , Yannis Flet-Berliac , Allen Nie , Emma Brunskill

Distributional Reinforcement Learning (RL) maintains the entire probability distribution of the reward-to-go, i.e. the return, providing more learning signals that account for the uncertainty associated with policy performance, which may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Luchen Li , A. Aldo Faisal