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Evaluating foundation models under appropriate adaptation settings is essential for understanding the quality and transferability of the learned representations. Recent EEG foundation models have demonstrated promising transfer capabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Aditya Kommineni , Emily Zhou , Kleanthis Avramidis , Tiantian Feng , Shrikanth Narayanan

Investigation of human brain states through electroencephalograph (EEG) signals is a crucial step in human-machine communications. However, classifying and analyzing EEG signals are challenging due to their noisy, nonlinear and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-19 Farzana Nasrin , Christopher Oballe , David L. Boothe , Vasileios Maroulas

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a common tool used to understand brain activities. The data are typically obtained by placing electrodes at the surface of the scalp and recording the oscillations of currents passing through the electrodes.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Eddy Kwessi , Lloyd Edwards

Classification models for electroencephalogram (EEG) data show a large decrease in performance when evaluated on unseen test sub jects. We reduce this performance decrease using new regularization techniques during model training. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Niklas Smedemark-Margulies , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Jing Liu , Kieran Parsons , Yunus Bicer , Deniz Erdogmus

Electroencephalography (EEG) monitors ---by either intrusive or noninvasive electrodes--- time and frequency variations and spectral content of voltage fluctuations or waves, known as brain rhythms, which in some way uncover activity during…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-13 Javier A. Galadí , Joaquín J. Torres , J. Marro

The brain age is a key indicator of brain health. While electroencephalography (EEG) is a practical tool for this task, existing models struggle with the common challenge of imperfect medical data, such as learning a ``normal'' baseline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kunyu Zhang , Mingxuan Wang , Xiangjie Shi , Haoxing Xu , Chao Zhang

We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art for mathematical methods that are used to reconstruct brain activity from neurophysiological data. After a brief introduction on the mathematics of the forward problem, we discuss standard and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-09 Alberto Sorrentino , Michele Piana

The idea to estimate the statistical interdependence among (interacting) brain regions has motivated numerous researchers to investigate how the resulting connectivity patterns and networks may organize themselves under any conceivable…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-03 Matteo Fraschini , Simone Maurizio La Cava , Luca Didaci , Luigi Barberini

Prediction of consumer behavior is one of the important purposes in marketing, cognitive neuroscience, and human-computer interaction. The electroencephalography (EEG) data can help analyze the decision process by providing detailed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mohammad Parsa Afshar , Aryan Azimi

Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) are vital for epilepsy diagnosis and treatment. Their unified analysis offers the potential to harness the complementary strengths of each modality but is challenging due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-23 Runkai Zhang , Hua Yu , John Q. Gan , Haixian Wang

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an invaluable tool in neuroscience, offering insights into brain activity with high temporal resolution. Recent advancements in machine learning and generative modeling have catalyzed the application of EEG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yashvir Sabharwal , Balaji Rama

Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) is increasingly used for clinical and brain-computer interface applications due to its high spatial and temporal resolution. However, inter-subject variability in electrode implantation poses a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-09 Maryam Ostadsharif Memar , Navid Ziaei , Behzad Nazari , Ali Yousefi

Clinical neuroimaging has recently witnessed explosive growth in data availability which brings studying heterogeneity in clinical cohorts to the spotlight. Normative modeling is an emerging statistical tool for achieving this objective.…

This work proposes improvements in the electroencephalogram (EEG) recording protocols for motor imagery through the introduction of actual motor movement and/or somatosensory cues. The results obtained demonstrate the advantage of requiring…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-24 Jerrin Thomas Panachakel , Nandagopal Netrakanti Vinayak , Maanvi Nunna , A. G. Ramakrishnan , Kanishka Sharma

Neurological and Physiological Disorders that impact emotional regulation each have their own unique characteristics which are important to understand in order to create a generalized solution to all of them. The purpose of this experiment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Vedant Mehta

Linking clinical narratives to standardized vocabularies and coding systems is a key component of unlocking the information in medical text for analysis. However, many domains of medical concepts lack well-developed terminologies that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Denis Newman-Griffis , Eric Fosler-Lussier

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a useful way to implicitly monitor the users perceptual state during multimedia consumption. One of the primary challenges for the practical use of EEG-based monitoring is to achieve a satisfactory level of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Soobeom Jang , Seong-Eun Moon , Jong-Seok Lee

Epilepsy affects around 50 million people globally. Electroencephalography (EEG) or Magnetoencephalography (MEG) based spike detection plays a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment. Manual spike identification is time-consuming and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-16 Fangyi Wei , Jiajie Mo , Kai Zhang , Haipeng Shen , Srikantan Nagarajan , Fei Jiang

Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) aims at showing local differences in brain volumes with respect to a common template. TBM images are smooth but they exhibit (especially in diseased groups) higher values in some brain regions called lateral…

Electroencephalography (EEG) is extensively employed in medical diagnostics and brain-computer interface (BCI) applications due to its non-invasive nature and high temporal resolution. However, EEG analysis faces significant challenges,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Zhenyu Xia , Xinlei Huang , Yuantong Gu , Suvash C. Saha