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Related papers: The simulation of judgment in LLMs

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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently gained significant attention due to their remarkable capabilities in performing diverse tasks across various domains. However, a thorough evaluation of these models is crucial before deploying them…

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked intense debate regarding the prevalence of bias in these models and its mitigation. Yet, as exemplified by both results on debiasing methods in the literature and reports of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 David F. Jenny , Yann Billeter , Mrinmaya Sachan , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin

Assessment and evaluation have long been critical challenges in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP). Traditional methods, usually matching-based or small model-based, often fall short in open-ended and dynamic…

This paper investigates Large Language Models (LLMs) ability to assess the economic soundness and theoretical consistency of empirical findings in spatial econometrics. We created original and deliberately altered "counterfactual" summaries…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Giuseppe Arbia , Luca Morandini , Vincenzo Nardelli

Adopting human and large language models (LLM) as judges (a.k.a human- and LLM-as-a-judge) for evaluating the performance of LLMs has recently gained attention. Nonetheless, this approach concurrently introduces potential biases from human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Guiming Hardy Chen , Shunian Chen , Ziche Liu , Feng Jiang , Benyou Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate partial forecasting competence across social, political, and economic events. Yet, their predictive ability varies sharply with domain structure and prompt framing. We investigate how forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chinmay Karkar , Paras Chopra

In the rapidly evolving domain of Natural Language Generation (NLG) evaluation, introducing Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new avenues for assessing generated content quality, e.g., coherence, creativity, and context relevance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zhen Li , Xiaohan Xu , Tao Shen , Can Xu , Jia-Chen Gu , Yuxuan Lai , Chongyang Tao , Shuai Ma

Subjective well-being is a key metric in economic, medical, and policy decision-making. As artificial intelligence provides scalable tools for modelling human outcomes, it is crucial to evaluate whether large language models (LLMs) can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Pat Pataranutaporn , Nattavudh Powdthavee , Chayapatr Archiwaranguprok , Pattie Maes

Benchmarks underpin how progress in large language models (LLMs) is measured and trusted. Yet our analyses reveal that apparent convergence in benchmark accuracy can conceal deep epistemic divergence. Using two major reasoning benchmarks -…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Eddie Yang , Dashun Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to make sense of ambiguous, open-textured, value-laden terms. Platforms routinely rely on LLMs for content moderation, asking them to label text based on disputed concepts like "hate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shira Gur-Arieh , Angelina Wang , Sina Fazelpour

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained significant attention recently, showing remarkable potential in artificial general intelligence. However, assessing the utility of MLLMs presents considerable challenges, primarily due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Dongping Chen , Ruoxi Chen , Shilin Zhang , Yinuo Liu , Yaochen Wang , Huichi Zhou , Qihui Zhang , Yao Wan , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

In the digital era, the rapid propagation of fake news and rumors via social networks brings notable societal challenges and impacts public opinion regulation. Traditional fake news modeling typically forecasts the general popularity trends…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yuhan Liu , Xiuying Chen , Xiaoqing Zhang , Xing Gao , Ji Zhang , Rui Yan

Determining which legal cases are relevant to a given query involves navigating lengthy texts and applying nuanced legal reasoning. Traditionally, this task has demanded significant time and domain expertise to identify key Legal Facts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shengjie Ma , Qi Chu , Jiaxin Mao , Xuhui Jiang , Haozhe Duan , Chong Chen

This paper is under review in AI and Ethics This study examines whether large language models (LLMs) can reliably answer scientific questions and demonstrates how easily they can be influenced by fringe scientific material. The authors…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Harry Collins , Hartmut Grote , Paul Newbury , Patrick Sutton , Simon Thorne

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for automatic summarization but the reasons behind their successes are poorly understood. By conducting a human evaluation on ten LLMs across different pretraining methods, prompts, and model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Tianyi Zhang , Faisal Ladhak , Esin Durmus , Percy Liang , Kathleen McKeown , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto

People acquire concepts through rich physical and social experiences and use them to understand and navigate the world. In contrast, large language models (LLMs), trained solely through next-token prediction on text, exhibit strikingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ningyu Xu , Qi Zhang , Chao Du , Qiang Luo , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Menghan Zhang

The grammatical knowledge of language models (LMs) is often measured using a benchmark of linguistic minimal pairs, where the LMs are presented with a pair of acceptable and unacceptable sentences and required to judge which is more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yusuke Ide , Yuto Nishida , Justin Vasselli , Miyu Oba , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Measuring innovation often relies on context-specific proxies and on expert evaluation. Hence, empirical innovation research is often limited to settings where such data is available. We investigate how large language models (LLMs) can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Robin Nowak , Patrick Figge , Carolin Haeussler

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit sycophancy, distorting responses to align with user beliefs, notably by readily agreeing with user counterarguments. Paradoxically, LLMs are increasingly adopted as successful evaluative agents for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sungwon Kim , Daniel Khashabi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for knowledge-based reasoning tasks, yet understanding when they rely on genuine knowledge versus superficial heuristics remains challenging. We investigate this question through entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hans Hergen Lehmann , Jae Hee Lee , Steven Schockaert , Stefan Wermter