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Prompt engineering has emerged as an indispensable technique for extending the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs). This approach leverages task-specific instructions, known as prompts, to enhance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Pranab Sahoo , Ayush Kumar Singh , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Samrat Mondal , Aman Chadha

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance as text embedding models when finetuned with supervised contrastive training. However, their large size balloons inference time and memory requirements. In this paper, we show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Thennal D K , Tim Fischer , Chris Biemann

In this work, we investigate whether small language models can determine high-quality subsets of large-scale text datasets that improve the performance of larger language models. While existing work has shown that pruning based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Zachary Ankner , Cody Blakeney , Kartik Sreenivasan , Max Marion , Matthew L. Leavitt , Mansheej Paul

Network pruning is an important research field aiming at reducing computational costs of neural networks. Conventional approaches follow a fixed paradigm which first trains a large and redundant network, and then determines which units…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Yulong Wang , Xiaolu Zhang , Lingxi Xie , Jun Zhou , Hang Su , Bo Zhang , Xiaolin Hu

Correspondence selection aims to correctly select the consistent matches (inliers) from an initial set of putative correspondences. The selection is challenging since putative matches are typically extremely unbalanced, largely dominated by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Chen Zhao , Yixiao Ge , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao , Hongsheng Li , Mathieu Salzmann

Recently, pre-trained language representation flourishes as the mainstay of the natural language understanding community, e.g., BERT. These pre-trained language representations can create state-of-the-art results on a wide range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Fu-Ming Guo , Sijia Liu , Finlay S. Mungall , Xue Lin , Yanzhi Wang

Pruning aims to reduce the number of parameters while maintaining performance close to the original network. This work proposes a novel \emph{self-distillation} based pruning strategy, whereby the representational similarity between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 James O' Neill , Sourav Dutta , Haytham Assem

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable performance for cross-modal understanding and generation, yet still suffer from severe inference costs. Recently, abundant works have been proposed to solve this problem with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zichen Wen , Yifeng Gao , Weijia Li , Conghui He , Linfeng Zhang

With the rapid growth in the size and complexity of large language models (LLMs), the costs associated with their training and inference have escalated significantly. Research indicates that certain layers in LLMs harbor substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Longguang Zhong , Fanqi Wan , Ruijun Chen , Xiaojun Quan , Liangzhi Li

Large Transformer-based models have exhibited superior performance in various natural language processing and computer vision tasks. However, these models contain enormous amounts of parameters, which restrict their deployment to real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Qingru Zhang , Simiao Zuo , Chen Liang , Alexander Bukharin , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

Autoregressive Transformers adopted in Large Language Models (LLMs) are hard to scale to long sequences. Despite several works trying to reduce their computational cost, most of LLMs still adopt attention layers between all pairs of tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Dario Pavllo , Luca Biggio , Lorenzo Noci , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant progress across various domains, but their increasing scale results in high computational and memory costs. Recent studies have revealed that LLMs exhibit sparsity, providing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingkuan Feng , Jinyang Wu , Shuai Zhang , Pengpeng Shao , Ruihan Jin , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che

Layer pruning efficiently reduces Large Language Model (LLM) computational costs but often triggers sudden performance collapse. Existing representation-based analyses struggle to explain this mechanism. We propose studying pruning through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Boyu Shi , Chang Liu , ChuanBao Gao , Xu Yang , Xin Geng

Traditional channel-wise pruning methods by reducing network channels struggle to effectively prune efficient CNN models with depth-wise convolutional layers and certain efficient modules, such as popular inverted residual blocks. Prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Ji Liu , Dehua Tang , Yuanxian Huang , Li Zhang , Xiaocheng Zeng , Dong Li , Mingjie Lu , Jinzhang Peng , Yu Wang , Fan Jiang , Lu Tian , Ashish Sirasao

Increasing the size of large language models (LLMs) has been shown to lead to better performance. However, this comes at the cost of slower and more expensive inference. Early-exiting is a promising approach for improving the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jort Vincenti , Karim Abdel Sadek , Joan Velja , Matteo Nulli , Metod Jazbec

Pruning neural networks, which involves removing a fraction of their weights, can often maintain high accuracy while significantly reducing model complexity, at least up to a certain limit. We present a neural network pruning technique that…

Deep learning recommendation systems at scale have provided remarkable gains through increasing model capacity (i.e. wider and deeper neural networks), but it comes at significant training cost and infrastructure cost. Model pruning is an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Xiaocong Du , Bhargav Bhushanam , Jiecao Yu , Dhruv Choudhary , Tianxiang Gao , Sherman Wong , Louis Feng , Jongsoo Park , Yu Cao , Arun Kejariwal

Iterative pruning is one of the most effective compression methods for pre-trained language models. We discovered that finding the optimal pruning decision is an equality-constrained 0-1 Integer Linear Programming problem. The solution to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Siyu Ren , Kenny Q. Zhu

Post-training pruning is an effective approach for reducing the size and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), but existing methods often face a trade-off between pruning quality and computational efficiency. Heuristic pruning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Peiqi Yu , Jinhao Wang , Xinyi Sui , Nam Ling , Wei Wang , Wei Jiang

Model pruning is a performance optimization technique for large language models like R1 or o3-mini. However, existing pruning methods often lead to significant performance degradation or require extensive retraining and fine-tuning. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Wei Jiang , Anying Fu , Youling Zhang
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