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LISA is an upcoming ESA mission that will detect gravitational waves in space by interferometrically measuring the separation between free-falling test masses at picometer precision. To reach the desired performance, LISA will employ the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-23 Lennart Wissel , Olaf Hartwig , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Martin Staab , Ewan D. Fitzsimons , Martin Hewitson , Gerhard Heinzel

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a gravitational wave detector in space. It relies on a post-processing technique named time-delay interferometry (TDI) to suppress the overwhelming laser frequency noise by several orders of…

Tilt-to-length (TTL) noise induced by angular jitter of spacecraft and test masses can affect the sensitivity of space-based gravitational-wave detectors such as LISA, Taiji, and TianQin. Such angular jitter can be measured using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-09 Xue Wang , Gang Wang

We investigate the impact of missing input data on the construction of second-generation Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) variables, which enable data analysis for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). TDI relies on the introduction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Ollie Burke , Martina Muratore , Graham Woan

We present a study of the use and limits of the Time-Delay Interferometry null channels for in flight estimation of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna instrumental noise. The paper considers how the two main limiting noise sources,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-03 Martina Muratore , Olaf Hartwig , Daniele Vetrugno , Stefano Vitale , William Joseph Weber

Tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling is expected to be one of the major noise sources in the interferometric phase readouts in TianQin mission. Arising from the angular motion of spacecraft (SC) and the onboard movable optical subassemblies…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-29 Zhizhao Wang , Shuju Yang , Kaihang Wu , Xiaojie Wang , Huizong Duan , Yurong Liang , Xuefeng Zhang , Hsien-Chi Yeh

Accurate and efficient modeling of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) response is crucial for gravitational-wave (GW) data analysis. A key computational challenge lies in evaluating time-delay interferometry (TDI) variables,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-15 Jorge Valencia , Sascha Husa

Tilt-to-length (TTL) noise from angular jitter in LISA is projected to be the dominant noise source in the milli-Hertz band unless corrected in post-processing. The correction is only possible after removing the overwhelming laser phase…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-01 Daniel George , Jose Sanjuan , Paul Fulda , Guido Mueller

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be a space-borne gravitational wave (GW) detector to be launched in the next decade. Central to LISA data analysis is time-delay interferometry (TDI), a numerical procedure which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-04 Raissa Costa Barroso , Yves Lemière , François Mauger , Quentin Baghi

The current design of space-based gravitational wave detectors utilizes heterodyne laser interferometry in inter-satellite science measurements. Frequency variations of the heterodyne beatnotes are predominantly caused by the Doppler effect…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-19 Lu Zheng , Shutao Yang , Xuefeng Zhang

LISA is a joint space mission of the NASA and the ESA for detecting low frequency gravitational waves in the band $10^{-5} - 1$ Hz. In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, the laser frequency noise must be suppressed below…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 S. V. Dhurandhar , J-Y. Vinet , K. Rajesh Nayak

This paper presents a novel method for laser frequency stabilisation in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission by locking a laser to two stable length references - the arms of the interferometer and an on-board optical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-06 Jobin Thomas Valliyakalayil , Andrew J. H. Sutton , Robert E. Spero , Daniel A. Shaddock , Kirk McKenzie

For the LISA and Taiji missions, both transient and continuous data anomalies would pose significant challenges to the detection, estimation, and subsequent scientific interpretation of gravitational wave signals. As is indicated by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-12 Pengzhan Wu , Minghui Du , Peng Xu

Probing extra polarizations in gravitational waves (GWs) with space-based detectors is the most direct method for testing theories of gravity. In this paper, by employing the second-generation time-delay interferometry (TDI) to cancel out…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-22 Tong Jiang , Chunyu Zhang

The LISA mission is a space interferometer aiming at the detection of gravitational waves in the [$10^{-4}$,$10^{-1}$] Hz frequency band. In order to reach the gravitational wave detection level, a Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) method…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Pireaux

We present first-order models for tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling in LISA, both for the individual interferometers as well as in the time-delay interferometry (TDI) Michelson observables. These models include the noise contributions from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-07 Gudrun Wanner , Sweta Shah , Martin Staab , Henry Wegener , Sarah Paczkowski

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a future space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector designed to be sensitive to sources radiating in the low frequency regime (0.1 mHz to 1 Hz). LISA's interferometer signals will be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Sourath Ghosh , Josep Sanjuan , Guido Mueller

Inspired by the combinatorial algebraic approach proposed by Dhurandhar {\it et al.}, we propose two novel classes of second-generation time-delay interferometry (TDI) solutions and their further generalization. The primary strategy of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-19 Wei-Liang Qian , Pan-Pan Wang , Zhang-Qi Wu , Cheng-Gang Shao , Bin Wang , Rui-Hong Yue

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is a crucial technology for space-based gravitational wave detectors. Previous studies have identified the optimal TDI configuration for the first-generation. In this research, we used an Algebraic approach…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-28 Yu Tian , Zhi-Xiang Li

eLISA/NGO is a new gravitational wave detection proposal with arm length of 10^6 km and one interferometer down-scaled from LISA. Just like LISA and ASTROD-GW, in order to attain the requisite sensitivity for eLISA/NGO, laser frequency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-08 Gang Wang , Wei-Tou Ni