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We describe some forms with greater Waring rank than previous examples. In $3$ variables we give forms of odd degree with strictly greater rank than the ranks of monomials, the previously highest known rank. This narrows the possible range…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-08-07 Jarosław Buczyński , Zach Teitler

The Waring Problem over polynomial rings asks how to decompose a homogeneous polynomial $p$ of degree $d$ as a finite sum of $d$-{th} powers of linear forms. In this work we give an algorithm to obtain a real Waring decomposition of any…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Macarena Ansola , Antonio Díaz-Cano , M. Angeles Zurro

Let F and G be homogeneous polynomials in disjoint sets of variables. We prove that the Waring rank is additive, thus proving the symmetric Strassen conjecture, when either F or G is a power, or F and G have two variables, or either F or G…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-16 Enrico Carlini , Maria Virginia Catalisano , Luca Chiantini

We show that a real homogeneous polynomial f(x,y) with distinct roots and degree d greater or equal than 3 has d real roots if and only if for any (a,b) not equal to (0,0) the polynomial af_x+bf_y has d-1 real roots. This answers to a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-06-29 Antonio Causa , Riccardo Re

We revisit a geometric lower bound for Waring rank of polynomials (symmetric rank of symmetric tensors) of Landsberg and Teitler and generalize it to a lower bound for rank with respect to arbitrary varieties, improving the bound given by…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-07-09 Zach Teitler

Let $f$ be a homogeneous polynomial over a field. For many fields, including number fields and function fields, we prove that the strength of $f$ is bounded above by a constant multiple of the Birch rank of $f.$ The constant depends only on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Benjamin Baily , Amichai Lampert

Let F denote a homogeneous degree 4 polynomial in 3 variables, and let s be an integer between 1 and 5. We would like to know if F can be written as a sum of fourth powers of s linear forms (or a degeneration). We determine necessary and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jaydeep Chipalkatti

In the polynomial ring $T=k[y_1,...,y_n]$, with $n>1$, we bound the multiplicity of homogeneous radical ideals $I\subset (y_1^{a_1},...,y_n^{a_n})$ such that $T/I$ is a graded $k$-algebra with Krull dimension one. As a consequence we solve…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-10-05 Enrico Carlini , Maria Virginia Catalisano , Anthony V. Geramita

We investigate whether eigenvectors, also known as critical rank-one approximations, of a symmetric tensor can be used to increase or decrease its Waring rank. First, we study the variety of degree-d rank-r forms which admit an eigenvector…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Alessandro Oneto , Pierpaola Santarsiero , Ettore Teixeira Turatti

Let $k$ be a field, $V$ a $k$-vector space and $X$ be a subset of $V $. A function $f:X\to k$ is weakly polynomial of degree $\leq a$, if the restriction of $f$ on any affine subspace $L\subset X$ is a polynomial of degree $\leq a$. In this…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-06 David Kazhdan , Tamar Ziegler

Let $F$ be a homogeneous form of degree $d$ in $n$ variables. A Waring decomposition of $F$ is a way to express $F$ as a sum of $d^{th}$ powers of linear forms. In this paper we consider the decompositions of a form as a sum of expressions,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-07 Maria Virginia Catalisano , Luca Chiantini , Anthony V. Geramita , Alessandro Oneto

We prove a conjecture of Comon and Ottaviani that typical real Waring ranks of bivariate forms of degree $d$ take all integer values between $\lfloor \frac{d+2}{2}\rfloor$ and $d$. That is we show that for all $d$ and all $\lfloor…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-05-16 Grigoriy Blekherman

We exhibit, for each even degree, a ternary form of rank strictly greater than the maximum rank of monomials. Together with an earlier result in the odd case, this gives the lower bound…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-06-15 Alessandro De Paris

There are many notions of rank in multilinear algebra: tensor rank, partition rank, slice rank, and strength (or Schmidt rank) are a few examples. Typically the rank $\le r$ locus is not Zariski closed, and understanding the closure (the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Arthur Bik , Jan Draisma , Rob Eggermont , Andrew Snowden

The $K$-rank of a binary form $f$ in $K[x,y],~K\subseteq \mathbb{C},$ is the smallest number of $d$-th powers of linear forms over $K$ of which $f$ is a $K$-linear combination. We provide lower bounds for the $\mathbb{C}$-rank (Waring rank)…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Neriman Tokcan

For tensors of fixed order, we establish three types of upper bounds for the geometric rank in terms of the subrank. Firstly, we prove that, under a mild condition on the characteristic of the base field, the geometric rank of a tensor is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Qiyuan Chen , Ke Ye

Let $G_1, \dots, G_k$ be vector spaces over a finite field $\mathbb{F} = \mathbb{F}_q$ with a non-trivial additive character $\chi$. The analytic rank of a multilinear form $\alpha \colon G_1 \times \dots \times G_k \to \mathbb{F}$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Luka Milićević

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field, and let $F \in \mathbb{F}_q [X]$ be a polynomial with $d = \text{deg} \left( F \right)$ such that $\gcd \left( d, q \right) = 1$. In this paper we prove that the $c$-Boomerang uniformity, $c \neq 0$, of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Matthias Johann Steiner

Let $F$ be a univariate polynomial or rational fraction of degree $d$ defined over a number field. We give bounds from above on the absolute logarithmic Weil height of $F$ in terms of the heights of its values at small integers: we review…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Jean Kieffer

A tensor defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}$ has low analytic rank if the distribution of its values differs significantly from the uniform distribution. An order $d$ tensor has partition rank 1 if it can be written as a product of two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-19 Oliver Janzer