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Large Transformer models are capable of implementing a plethora of so-called in-context learning algorithms. These include gradient descent, classification, sequence completion, transformation, and improvement. In this work, we investigate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Robert Tjarko Lange , Yingtao Tian , Yujin Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and have recently gained significant attention in the domain of Recommendation Systems (RS). These models, trained on massive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Likang Wu , Zhi Zheng , Zhaopeng Qiu , Hao Wang , Hongchao Gu , Tingjia Shen , Chuan Qin , Chen Zhu , Hengshu Zhu , Qi Liu , Hui Xiong , Enhong Chen

In-context learning (ICL) ability has emerged with the increasing scale of large language models (LLMs), enabling them to learn input-label mappings from demonstrations and perform well on downstream tasks. However, under the standard ICL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yifan Wang , Qingyan Guo , Xinzhe Ni , Chufan Shi , Lemao Liu , Haiyun Jiang , Yujiu Yang

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive language capabilities. While most of the existing LLMs have very unbalanced performance across different languages, multilingual alignment based on translation parallel data is an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Shimao Zhang , Changjiang Gao , Wenhao Zhu , Jiajun Chen , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shujian Huang

In-context learning (ICL) refers to a remarkable capability of pretrained large language models, which can learn a new task given a few examples during inference. However, theoretical understanding of ICL is largely under-explored,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tong Yang , Yu Huang , Yingbin Liang , Yuejie Chi

Many-shot in-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a unique setup to both utilize and test the ability of large language models to handle long context. This paper delves into long-context language model (LCLM) evaluation through many-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaijian Zou , Muhammad Khalifa , Lu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on historical web data inevitably become outdated. We investigate evaluation strategies and update methods for LLMs as new data becomes available. We introduce a web-scale dataset for time-continual…

Table reasoning is a challenging task that requires understanding both natural language questions and structured tabular data. Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Davood Rafiei

Machine learning for tabular data remains constrained by poor schema generalization, a challenge rooted in the lack of semantic understanding of structured variables. This challenge is particularly acute in domains like clinical medicine,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hongxi Mao , Wei Zhou , Mengting Jia , Tao Fang , Huan Gao , Bin Zhang , Shangyang Li

Large language models (LLM) in natural language processing (NLP) have demonstrated great potential for in-context learning (ICL) -- the ability to leverage a few sets of example prompts to adapt to various tasks without having to explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Trevine Oorloff , Vishwanath Sindagi , Wele Gedara Chaminda Bandara , Ali Shafahi , Amin Ghiasi , Charan Prakash , Reza Ardekani

Large pre-training language models (PLMs) have shown promising in-context learning abilities. However, due to the backbone transformer architecture, existing PLMs are bottlenecked by the memory and computational cost when scaling up to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Mukai Li , Shansan Gong , Jiangtao Feng , Yiheng Xu , Jun Zhang , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Siheng Li , Cheng Yang , Zesen Cheng , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Tabular data serves as the backbone of modern data analysis and scientific research. While Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) have significantly improved natural language interaction with such…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently developed new advanced functionalities. Their effectiveness relies on statistical learning and generalization capabilities. However, they face limitations in internalizing the data they process and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Farah Ben Slama , Frédéric Armetta

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with long-context reasoning, not only due to the quadratic scaling of computational complexity with sequence length but also because of the scarcity and expense of annotating long-context data. There…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Linda He , Jue Wang , Maurice Weber , Shang Zhu , Ben Athiwaratkun , Ce Zhang

Text-to-SQL, the process of translating natural language into Structured Query Language (SQL), represents a transformative application of large language models (LLMs), potentially revolutionizing how humans interact with data. This paper…

Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive few-shot generalization on many tasks via in-context learning (ICL). Despite their success in showing such emergent abilities, the scale and complexity of larger models also lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chengwei Qin , Wenhan Xia , Fangkai Jiao , Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Bosheng Ding , Ruirui Chen , Shafiq Joty

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive in-context learning (ICL) ability in code generation. LLMs take a prompt consisting of requirement-code examples and a new requirement as input, and output new programs. Existing studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jia Li , Ge Li , Chongyang Tao , Jia Li , Huangzhao Zhang , Fang Liu , Zhi Jin

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, since LLMs can only incorporate new knowledge through training or supervised fine-tuning processes, they are unsuitable for applications that…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zongyue Qin , Chen Luo , Zhengyang Wang , Haoming Jiang , Yizhou Sun
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