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Conformal prediction, as an emerging uncertainty quantification technique, typically functions as post-hoc processing for the outputs of trained classifiers. To optimize the classifier for maximum predictive efficiency, Conformal Training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Kangdao Liu , Hao Zeng , Jianguo Huang , Huiping Zhuang , Chi-Man Vong , Hongxin Wei

Conformal prediction (CP) transforms any model's output into prediction sets guaranteed to include (cover) the true label. CP requires exchangeability, a relaxation of the i.i.d. assumption, to obtain a valid distribution-free coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Soroush H. Zargarbashi , Aleksandar Bojchevski

Multi-modal test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances the resilience of benchmark multi-modal models against distribution shifts by leveraging the unlabeled target data during inference. Despite the documented success, the advancement of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jinglin Xu , Yi Li , Chuxiong Sun , Xiao Xu , Jiangmeng Li , Fanjiang Xu

Universal domain adaptation (UniDA) is a general unsupervised domain adaptation setting, which addresses both domain and label shifts in adaptation. Its main challenge lies in how to identify target samples in unshared or unknown classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Yunyun Wang , Yao Liu , Songcan Chen

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving time series forecasting (TSF) under distribution shift. Existing TSF-TTA methods differ in how they utilize revealed targets, yet the resulting adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haochun Wang , Ruichen Xu , Georgios Kementzidis , Karen Cho , Sebastian Ramirez Villarreal , Yuefan Deng

In this paper, we propose a simple model referred as Contradistinguisher (CTDR) for unsupervised domain adaptation whose objective is to jointly learn to contradistinguish on unlabeled target domain in a fully unsupervised manner along with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Sourabh Balgi , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) enables pre-trained models to adjust to distribution shift by learning from unlabeled test-time streams. However, existing methods typically treat these streams as independent samples, overlooking the supervisory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Young Kyung Kim , Oded Schlesinger , Qiangqiang Wu , J. Matías Di Martino , Guillermo Sapiro

Recent works on unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) focus on the selection of good pseudo-labels as surrogates for the missing labels in the target data. However, source domain bias that deteriorates the pseudo-labels can still exist since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Can Zhang , Gim Hee Lee

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) has emerged as a crucial solution to the domain shift challenge, wherein the target environment diverges from the original training environment. A prime exemplification is TTA for Automatic Speech Recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Eunseop Yoon , Hee Suk Yoon , John Harvill , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chang D. Yoo

Deep neural networks demonstrate strong performance under aligned training-test distributions. However, real-world test data often exhibit domain shifts. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this challenge by adapting the model to test data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Byung-Joon Lee , Jin-Seop Lee , Jee-Hyong Lee

Deep neural networks have useful applications in many different tasks, however their performance can be severely affected by changes in the data distribution. For example, in the biomedical field, their performance can be affected by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Pedro Vianna , Muawiz Chaudhary , Paria Mehrbod , An Tang , Guy Cloutier , Guy Wolf , Michael Eickenberg , Eugene Belilovsky

Test-time adaptation (TTA) allows a model to be adapted to an unseen domain without accessing the source data. Due to the nature of practical environments, TTA has a limited amount of data for adaptation. Recent TTA methods further restrict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Younggeol Cho , Youngrae Kim , Junho Yoon , Seunghoon Hong , Dongman Lee

Source-Free Domain Adaptation (SFDA) tackles the problem of adapting a pre-trained source model to an unlabeled target domain without accessing any source data, which is quite suitable for the field of data security. Although recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shanshan Wang , Ziying Feng , Xiaozheng Shen , Xun Yang , Pichao Wang , Zhenwei He , Xingyi Zhang

In this work we address multi-target domain adaptation (MTDA) in semantic segmentation, which consists in adapting a single model from an annotated source dataset to multiple unannotated target datasets that differ in their underlying data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Yangsong Zhang , Subhankar Roy , Hongtao Lu , Elisa Ricci , Stéphane Lathuilière

Although open-vocabulary classification models like Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) have demonstrated strong zero-shot learning capabilities, their robustness to common image corruptions remains poorly understood. Through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Sarthak Kumar Maharana , Baoming Zhang , Leonid Karlinsky , Rogerio Feris , Yunhui Guo

Person re-identification (re-id), which aims to retrieve images of the same person in a given image from a database, is one of the most practical image recognition applications. In the real world, however, the environments that the images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kazuki Adachi , Shohei Enomoto , Taku Sasaki , Shin'ya Yamaguchi

Since distribution shifts are likely to occur during test-time and can drastically decrease the model's performance, online test-time adaptation (TTA) continues to update the model after deployment, leveraging the current test data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Robert A. Marsden , Mario Döbler , Bin Yang

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to adapt existing models of the source domain to a new target domain with only unlabeled data. Most existing methods suffer from noticeable negative transfer resulting from either the error-prone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Qianyu Zhou , Zhengyang Feng , Qiqi Gu , Guangliang Cheng , Xuequan Lu , Jianping Shi , Lizhuang Ma

Black-Box unsupervised domain adaptation (BBUDA) learns knowledge only with the prediction of target data from the source model without access to the source data and source model, which attempts to alleviate concerns about the privacy and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yawen Zou , Chunzhi Gu , Jun Yu , Shangce Gao , Chao Zhang

Adaptive Conformal Inference (ACI) provides finite-sample coverage guarantees, enhancing the prediction reliability under non-exchangeability. This study demonstrates that these desirable properties of ACI do not require the use of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-02 Johan Hallberg Szabadváry , Tuwe Löfström