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As trustworthy AI continues to advance, the fairness issue in recommendations has received increasing attention. A recommender system is considered unfair when it produces unequal outcomes for different user groups based on user-sensitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Wei Chen , Meng Yuan , Zhao Zhang , Ruobing Xie , Fuzhen Zhuang , Deqing Wang , Rui Liu

This paper explores the biases in ChatGPT-based recommender systems, focusing on provider fairness (item-side fairness). Through extensive experiments and over a thousand API calls, we investigate the impact of prompt design…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yashar Deldjoo

The emerging in-context learning (ICL) ability of large language models (LLMs) has prompted their use for predictive tasks in various domains with different data types, including tabular data, facilitated by serialization methods. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Karuna Bhaila , Minh-Hao Van , Kennedy Edemacu , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen , Xintao Wu

There has been growing attention on fairness considerations recently, especially in the context of intelligent decision making systems. Explainable recommendation systems, in particular, may suffer from both explanation bias and performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Zuohui Fu , Yikun Xian , Ruoyuan Gao , Jieyu Zhao , Qiaoying Huang , Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Shijie Geng , Chirag Shah , Yongfeng Zhang , Gerard de Melo

Machine Learning systems are increasingly prevalent across healthcare, law enforcement, and finance but often operate on historical data, which may carry biases against certain demographic groups. Causal and counterfactual fairness provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jake Robertson , Noah Hollmann , Noor Awad , Frank Hutter

As Large Language Models (LLMs) have risen in prominence over the past few years, there has been concern over the potential biases in LLMs inherited from the training data. Previous studies have examined how LLMs exhibit implicit bias, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Lake Yin , Fan Huang

The remarkable achievements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to the emergence of a novel recommendation paradigm -- Recommendation via LLM (RecLLM). Nevertheless, it is important to note that LLMs may contain social prejudices, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jizhi Zhang , Keqin Bao , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for recommendation tasks due to their general-purpose capabilities. While LLMs perform well in rich-context settings, their behavior in cold-start scenarios, where only limited signals such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexandre Andre , Gauthier Roy , Eva Dyer , Kai Wang

Latent Factor Model (LFM) is one of the most successful methods for Collaborative filtering (CF) in the recommendation system, in which both users and items are projected into a joint latent factor space. Base on matrix factorization…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Jiansheng Fang , Xiaoqing Zhang , Yan Hu , Yanwu Xu , Ming Yang , Jiang Liu

Recommender systems are being employed across an increasingly diverse set of domains that can potentially make a significant social and individual impact. For this reason, considering fairness is a critical step in the design and evaluation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Charles Dickens , Rishika Singh , Lise Getoor

Prompt engineering has emerged as a powerful technique for guiding large language models (LLMs) toward desired responses, significantly enhancing their performance across diverse tasks. Beyond their role as static predictors, LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Ryumei Nakada , Wenlong Ji , Tianxi Cai , James Zou , Linjun Zhang

Recommendation fairness has attracted great attention recently. In real-world systems, users usually have multiple sensitive attributes (e.g. age, gender, and occupation), and users may not want their recommendation results influenced by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yiqing Wu , Ruobing Xie , Yongchun Zhu , Fuzhen Zhuang , Xiang Ao , Xu Zhang , Leyu Lin , Qing He

Fairness in machine learning (ML) has a critical importance for building trustworthy machine learning system as artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly impact various aspects of society, including healthcare decisions and legal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Modar Sulaiman , Kallol Roy

Automated prompt optimization is crucial for eliciting reliable reasoning from large language models (LLMs), yet most API-only prompt optimizers iteratively edit monolithic prompts, coupling components and obscuring credit assignment,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Haoyue Liu , Zhichao Wang , Yongxin Guo , Haoran Shou , Xiaoying Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in contact-center Quality Assurance (QA) to automate agent performance evaluation and coaching feedback. While LLMs offer unprecedented scalability and speed, their reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kawin Mayilvaghanan , Siddhant Gupta , Ayush Kumar

The rise of generative artificial intelligence, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), has intensified the imperative to scrutinize fairness alongside accuracy. Recent studies have begun to investigate fairness evaluations for LLMs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-31 Chandan Kumar Sah , Lian Xiaoli , Muhammad Mirajul Islam

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in comprehending and generating natural language, with a growing prevalence in the domain of recommendation systems. However, LLMs still face a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Xinyu Li , Chuang Zhao , Hongke Zhao , Likang Wu , Ming HE

Predictive modeling often faces challenges due to limited data availability and quality, especially in domains where collected features are weakly correlated with outcomes and where additional feature collection is constrained by ethical or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Bingxuan Li , Pengyi Shi , Amy Ward

Machine learning systems are often deployed for making critical decisions like credit lending, hiring, etc. While making decisions, such systems often encode the user's demographic information (like gender, age) in their intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Snigdha Chaturvedi

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used in more applications, the need to consider and mitigate biases from the learned models has followed. Most works in developing fair learning algorithms focus on the offline setting. However, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Wenbin Zhang , Albert Bifet , Xiangliang Zhang , Jeremy C. Weiss , Wolfgang Nejdl