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Recently, there has been a growing interest in knowledge editing for Large Language Models (LLMs). Current approaches and evaluations merely explore the instance-level editing, while whether LLMs possess the capability to modify concepts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xiaohan Wang , Shengyu Mao , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Yunzhi Yao , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Generative AI, including large language models (LLMs) have the potential -- and already are being used -- to increase the speed, scale, and types of unsafe conversations online. LLMs lower the barrier for entry for bad actors to create…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Owen Hoffman , Kangze Peng , Zehua You , Sajid Kamal , Sukrit Venkatagiri

Large Language Models (LLMs) usually suffer from knowledge cutoff or fallacy issues, which means they are unaware of unseen events or generate text with incorrect facts owing to outdated/noisy data. To this end, many knowledge editing…

Advances in large language models (LLMs) have driven an explosion of interest about their societal impacts. Much of the discourse around how they will impact social equity has been cautionary or negative, focusing on questions like "how…

In this paper, we comprehensively investigate the potential misuse of modern Large Language Models (LLMs) for generating credible-sounding misinformation and its subsequent impact on information-intensive applications, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yikang Pan , Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , Preslav Nakov , Min-Yen Kan , William Yang Wang

As AI systems advance in capabilities, measuring their safety and alignment to human values is becoming paramount. A fast-growing field of AI research is devoted to developing such assessments. However, most current advances therein may be…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Max Hellrigel-Holderbaum , Edward James Young

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably encode outdated or incorrect knowledge. Updating, deleting, and forgetting such knowledge is important for alignment, safety, and other issues. To address this issue, model editing has emerged as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Wei Liu , Haomei Xu , Bingqing Liu , Zhiying Deng , Haozhao Wang , Jun Wang , Ruixuan Li , Yee Whye Teh , Wee Sun Lee

In this paper, we focus on editing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Compared to editing single-modal LLMs, multimodal model editing is more challenging, which demands a higher level of scrutiny and careful consideration in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Siyuan Cheng , Bozhong Tian , Qingbin Liu , Xi Chen , Yongheng Wang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) memorize, and thus, among huge amounts of uncontrolled data, may memorize Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which should not be stored and, consequently, not leaked. In this paper, we introduce Private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Elena Sofia Ruzzetti , Giancarlo A. Xompero , Davide Venditti , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto

Role-play in large language models (LLMs) enhances their ability to generate contextually relevant and high-quality responses by simulating diverse cognitive perspectives. However, our study identifies significant risks associated with this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jinman Zhao , Zifan Qian , Linbo Cao , Yining Wang , Yitian Ding , Yulan Hu , Zeyu Zhang , Zeyong Jin

Open-weight large language models (LLMs) unlock huge benefits in innovation, personalization, privacy, and democratization. However, their core advantage - modifiability - opens the door to systemic risks: bad actors can trivially subvert…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ann-Kathrin Dombrowski , Dillon Bowen , Adam Gleave , Chris Cundy

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including content generation, human-computer interaction, machine translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Songyang Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Jiameng Qiu , Xi Zhang , Feiran Huang , Litian Zhang , Yiming Hei , Philip S. Yu

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has created new disruptive possibilities for persuasive communication, enabling fully-automated, personalized, and interactive content generation at an unprecedented scale. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sander Noels , Alexander Rogiers , Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for high-stakes life advice, yet they lack standard safeguards against providing confident but misguided responses. This creates risks of sycophancy and over-confidence. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Saran Subramanian

Coverage of ChatGPT-style large language models (LLMs) in the media has focused on their eye-catching achievements, including solving advanced mathematical problems and reaching expert proficiency in medical examinations. But the gradual…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Djavan De Clercq , Elias Nehring , Harry Mayne , Adam Mahdi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has a profound impact on traditional education. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used in various applications such as natural language processing, computer vision, speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hanyi Xu , Wensheng Gan , Zhenlian Qi , Jiayang Wu , Philip S. Yu

The dissemination of false information on online platforms presents a serious societal challenge. While manual fact-checking remains crucial, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising opportunities to support fact-checkers with their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Marián Šimko

The widely adopted and powerful generative large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about intellectual property rights violations and the spread of machine-generated misinformation. Watermarking serves as a promising approch to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ruisi Zhang , Farinaz Koushanfar

LLMs' sources of knowledge are data snapshots containing factual information about entities collected at different timestamps and from different media types (e.g. wikis, social media, etc.). Such unstructured knowledge is subject to change…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Simone Alghisi , Giuseppe Riccardi

The model editing problem concerns how language models should learn new facts about the world over time. While empirical research on model editing has drawn widespread attention, the conceptual foundations of model editing remain shaky --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Peter Hase , Thomas Hofweber , Xiang Zhou , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal
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