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Many optimization methods for training variational quantum algorithms are based on estimating gradients of the cost function. Due to the statistical nature of quantum measurements, this estimation requires many circuit evaluations, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Lennart Bittel , Jens Watty , Martin Kliesch

Parameter shift rules (PSRs) are useful methods for computing arbitrary-order derivatives of the cost function in parameterized quantum circuits. The basic idea of PSRs is to evaluate the cost function at different parameter shifts, then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Zhijian Lai , Jiang Hu , Dong An , Zaiwen Wen

The study of variational quantum algorithms (VQCs) has received significant attention from the quantum computing community in recent years. These hybrid algorithms, utilizing both classical and quantum components, are well-suited for noisy…

Gradient-based optimization is a key ingredient of variational quantum algorithms, with applications ranging from quantum machine learning to quantum chemistry and simulation. The parameter-shift rule provides a hardware-friendly method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Leonardo Banchi , Dominic Branford , Chetan Waghela

This paper presents a novel variational inference framework for deriving a family of Bayesian sparse Gaussian process regression (SGPR) models whose approximations are variationally optimal with respect to the full-rank GPR model enriched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Haibin Yu , Trong Nghia Hoang , Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

A central challenge in Bayesian inference is efficiently approximating posterior distributions. Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) is a popular variational inference method which transports a set of particles to approximate a target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-05 Moritz Melcher , Simon Weissmann , Ashia C. Wilson , Jakob Zech

Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a kernel-based and non-parametric particle method for sampling from a target distribution, such as in Bayesian inference and other machine learning tasks. Different from other particle methods,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Viktor Stein , Wuchen Li

Parameter shift rules are instrumental for derivatives estimation in a wide range of quantum algorithms, especially in the context of Quantum Machine Learning. Application of single-gap parameter shift rule is often not possible in…

Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is a nonparametric supervised learning method, widely valued for its ability to quantify uncertainty. Despite its advantages and broad applications, classical GPR implementations face significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Junpeng Hu , Jinglai Li , Lei Zhang , Shi Jin

Many particle-based Bayesian inference methods use a single global step size for all parts of the update. In Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD), however, each update combines two qualitatively different effects: attraction toward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Arash Sarshar

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm used to find the ground state of a Hamiltonian using variational methods. In the context of this Lattice symposium, the procedure can be used to study lattice…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-02 Giovanni Iannelli , Karl Jansen

We present an optimizer which uses Bayesian optimization to tune the system parameters of distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Given a specific context, our goal is to quickly find efficient configurations which appropriately…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-04 Valentin Dalibard , Michael Schaarschmidt , Eiko Yoneki

Many near-term quantum computing algorithms are conceived as variational quantum algorithms, in which parameterized quantum circuits are optimized in a hybrid quantum-classical setup. Examples are variational quantum eigensolvers, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Thomas Hubregtsen , Frederik Wilde , Shozab Qasim , Jens Eisert

We propose and analyze a Stein variational reduced basis method (SVRB) to solve large-scale PDE-constrained Bayesian inverse problems. To address the computational challenge of drawing numerous samples requiring expensive PDE solves from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Peng Chen , Omar Ghattas

We present a novel method for determining gradients of parameterised quantum circuits (PQCs) in hybrid quantum-classical machine learning models by applying the multivariate version of the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-28 Thomas Hoffmann , Douglas Brown

In this study, we study the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) application for the Ising model as a test bed model, in which we pivotally delved into several optimization methods, both classical and quantum, and analyzed the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Duc-Truyen Le , Vu-Linh Nguyen , Cong-Ha Nguyen , Quoc-Hung Nguyen , Van-Duy Nguyen

This paper proposes a novel parameter selection strategy for kernel-based gradient descent (KGD) algorithms, integrating bias-variance analysis with the splitting method. We introduce the concept of empirical effective dimension to quantify…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-05 Xiaotong Liu , Yunwen Lei , Xiangyu Chang , Shao-Bo Lin

In this paper, we proposed a new technique, {\em variance controlled stochastic gradient} (VCSG), to improve the performance of the stochastic variance reduced gradient (SVRG) algorithm. To avoid over-reducing the variance of gradient by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Jia Bi , Steve R. Gunn

Hybrid quantum-classical optimization algorithms represent one of the most promising application for near-term quantum computers. In these algorithms the goal is to optimize an observable quantity with respect to some classical parameters,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Leonardo Banchi , Gavin E. Crooks

The objective to be minimized in the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has a restricted form, which allows a specialized sequential minimal optimization (SMO) that requires only a few observations in each iteration. However, the SMO…

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