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Visual counterfactual explanation (CF) methods modify image concepts, e.g, shape, to change a prediction to a predefined outcome while closely resembling the original query image. Unlike self-explainable models (SEMs) and heatmap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Anselm Haselhoff , Kevin Trelenberg , Fabian Küppers , Jonas Schneider

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation by the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is an essential tool in a wide range of applications from engineering design to climate modeling. However, the computational cost and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Mateus Dias Ribeiro , Abdul Rehman , Sheraz Ahmed , Andreas Dengel

The growth of computational resources in the past decades has expanded the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) from the traditional fields of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics to a number of new areas. Examples range from the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-01-25 Jian-Xun Wang , Heng Xiao

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides high-fidelity simulations of fluid flows but remains computationally expensive for many-query applications. In recent years deep learning (DL) has been used to construct data-driven fluid-dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 David Ramos , Lucas Lacasa , Fermín Gutiérrez , Eusebio Valero , Gonzalo Rubio

Advancements in computational fluid mechanics have largely relied on Newtonian frameworks, particularly through the direct simulation of Navier-Stokes equations. In this work, we propose an alternative computational framework that employs…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-10 H. Sababha , A. Elmaradny , H. Taha , M. Daqaq

In fluid physics, data-driven models to enhance or accelerate solution methods are becoming increasingly popular for many application domains, such as alternatives to turbulence closures, system surrogates, or for new physics discovery. In…

Accurately quantifying uncertainty in predictions and projections arising from irreducible internal climate variability is critical for informed decision making. Such uncertainty is typically assessed using ensembles produced with physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso , Johannes Exenberger

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods to solve fluid flows. The finite volume method (FVM) is an important one. In FVM, space is discretized to many grid cells. When the number of grid…

Cavitation is a highly turbulent, multi-phase flow phenomenon that manifests in the form of vapor cavities as a result of a sudden drop in the liquid pressure. The phenomenon has been observed as widely detrimental in hydraulic and marine…

Generative models have demonstrated remarkable success in domains such as text, image, and video synthesis. In this work, we explore the application of generative models to fluid dynamics, specifically for turbulence simulation, where…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Nikolaj T. Mücke , Benjamin Sanderse

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is an irreplaceable modelling step in many engineering designs, but it is often computationally expensive. Some graph neural network (GNN)-based CFD methods have been proposed. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Loh Sher En Jessica , Naheed Anjum Arafat , Wei Xian Lim , Wai Lee Chan , Adams Wai Kin Kong

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are crucial in automotive, aerospace, maritime and medical applications, but are limited by the complexity, cost and computational requirements of directly calculating the flow, often taking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Zachary Cooper-Baldock , Paulo E. Santos , Russell S. A. Brinkworth , Karl Sammut

We present a generative AI algorithm for addressing the pressing task of fast, accurate, and robust statistical computation of three-dimensional turbulent fluid flows. Our algorithm, termed as GenCFD, is based on an end-to-end conditional…

Simulations of turbulent flows in 3D are one of the most expensive simulations in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Many works have been written on surrogate models to replace numerical solvers for fluid flows with faster, learned,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-18 Marten Lienen , David Lüdke , Jan Hansen-Palmus , Stephan Günnemann

This paper introduces a novel data driven framework for constructing accurate and general equivariant models of multiscale phenomena which does not rely on specific assumptions about the underlying physics. This framework is illustrated…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-15 Brandon Choi , Matteo Ugliotti , Mateo Reynoso , Daniel R. Gurevich , Roman O. Grigoriev

Solving flow through porous media is a crucial step in the topology optimisation of cold plates, a key component in modern thermal management. Traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, while accurate, are often prohibitively…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-10 Jinhong Wang , Matei C. Ignuta-Ciuncanu , Ricardo F. Martinez-Botas , Teng Cao

Conformational sampling of biomolecules using molecular dynamics simulations often produces large amount of high dimensional data that makes it difficult to interpret using conventional analysis techniques. Dimensionality reduction methods…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-08 Mahdi Ghorbani , Samarjeet Prasad , Jeffery B. Klauda , Bernard R. Brooks

In recent years, data-driven deep learning models have gained significant interest in the analysis of turbulent dynamical systems. Within the context of reduced-order models (ROMs), convolutional autoencoders (CAEs) pose a universally…

Machine learning (ML) offers transformative potential for computational fluid dynamics (CFD), promising to accelerate simulations, improve turbulence modelling, and enable real-time flow prediction and control-capabilities that could…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-24 Zachary Cooper-Baldock , Paulo E. Santos , Russell S. A. Brinkworth , Karl Sammut

Computational fluid dynamics is both a thriving research field and a key tool for advanced industry applications. The central challenge is to simulate turbulent flows in complex geometries, a compute-power intensive task due to the large…