English
Related papers

Related papers: Hecate: Unlocking Efficient Sparse Model Training …

200 papers

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a popular architecture for scaling large models. However, the rapidly growing scale outpaces model training on a single DC, driving a shift toward a more flexible, cross-DC training paradigm. Under this,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Weihao Yang , Hao Huang , Donglei Wu , Ningke Li , Yanqi Pan , Qiyang Zheng , Wen Xia , Shiyi Li , Qiang Wang

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) models are an emerging class of sparsely activated deep learning models that have sublinear compute costs with respect to their parameters. In contrast with dense models, the sparse architecture of MoE offers…

As large language models continue to scale up, distributed training systems have expanded beyond 10k nodes, intensifying the importance of fault tolerance. Checkpoint has emerged as the predominant fault tolerance strategy, with extensive…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Weilin Cai , Le Qin , Jiayi Huang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models can reduce computational costs by 2-4$\times$ compared to dense models without sacrificing performance, making them more efficient in computation-bounded scenarios. However, MoE models generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Bowen Pan , Yikang Shen , Haokun Liu , Mayank Mishra , Gaoyuan Zhang , Aude Oliva , Colin Raffel , Rameswar Panda

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural architecture design that can be utilized to add learnable parameters to Large Language Models (LLMs) without increasing inference cost. Instruction tuning is a technique for training LLMs to…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques, such as prompts and adapters, are widely used in multi-modal tracking because they alleviate issues of full-model fine-tuning, including time inefficiency, high resource consumption,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yabin Zhu , Jianqi Li , Chenglong Li , Jiaxiang Wang , Chengjie Gu , Jin Tang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to architectures with billions to trillions of parameters, posing significant deployment challenges due to their substantial demands on memory, processing power, and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Enshu Liu , Junyi Zhu , Zinan Lin , Xuefei Ning , Matthew B. Blaschko , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models facilitate edge deployment by decoupling model capacity from active computation, yet their large memory footprint drives the need for GPU systems with near-data processing (NDP) capabilities that offload…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Qi Wu , Chao Fang , Jiayuan Chen , Ye Lin , Yueqi Zhang , Yichuan Bai , Yuan Du , Li Du

Scaling Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) training introduces systems challenges absent in dense models. Because each token activates only a subset of experts, this sparsity allows total parameters to grow much faster than per-token computation,…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural network architecture that adds sparsely activated expert blocks to a base model, increasing the number of parameters without impacting computational costs. However, current distributed deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Siddharth Singh , Olatunji Ruwase , Ammar Ahmad Awan , Samyam Rajbhandari , Yuxiong He , Abhinav Bhatele

Mixture of experts (MoE) models achieve state-of-the-art results in language modeling but suffer from inefficient hardware utilization due to imbalanced token routing and communication overhead. While prior work has focused on optimizing…

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) has become the key to unlocking unparalleled scalability in deep learning. SMoE has the potential to exponentially increase parameter count while maintaining the efficiency of the model by only activating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Rachel S. Y. Teo , Tan M. Nguyen

Empirical scaling laws have driven the evolution of large language models (LLMs), yet their coefficients shift whenever the model architecture or data pipeline changes. Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, now standard in state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Taishi Nakamura , Satoki Ishikawa , Masaki Kawamura , Takumi Okamoto , Daisuke Nohara , Jun Suzuki , Rio Yokota

Scaling large language models has driven remarkable advancements across various domains, yet the continual increase in model size presents significant challenges for real-world deployment. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture offers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shwai He , Daize Dong , Liang Ding , Ang Li

Sparse mixture of expert architectures (MoEs) scale model capacity without significant increases in training or inference costs. Despite their success, MoEs suffer from a number of issues: training instability, token dropping, inability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Joan Puigcerver , Carlos Riquelme , Basil Mustafa , Neil Houlsby

As large language models scale, training them requires thousands of GPUs over extended durations--making frequent failures an inevitable reality. While checkpointing remains the primary fault-tolerance mechanism, existing methods fall short…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Swapnil Gandhi , Christos Kozyrakis

Mixture of Experts (MoE) offers remarkable performance and computational efficiency by selectively activating subsets of model parameters. Traditionally, MoE models use homogeneous experts, each with identical capacity. However, varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 An Wang , Xingwu Sun , Ruobing Xie , Shuaipeng Li , Jiaqi Zhu , Zhen Yang , Pinxue Zhao , J. N. Han , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Naoaki Okazaki , Cheng-zhong Xu

The sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) model is powerful for large-scale pre-training and has achieved promising results due to its model capacity. However, with trillions of parameters, MoE is hard to be deployed on cloud or mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Tianyu Chen , Shaohan Huang , Yuan Xie , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Haoyi Zhou , Jianxin Li , Furu Wei

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale capacity by routing each token to a small subset of experts. However, their routers exhibit a fundamental trade-off: strong load balancing can suppress expert specialization, while aggressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Gleb Molodtsov , Alexander Miasnikov , Aleksandr Beznosikov

The mixture-of-experts (MoE) architecture scales model size with sublinear computational increase but suffers from memory-intensive inference due to KV caches and sparse expert activation. Recent disaggregated expert parallelism (DEP)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Xinglin Pan , Shaohuai Shi , Wenxiang Lin , Yuxin Wang , Zhenheng Tang , Wei Wang , Xiaowen Chu