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In this paper, we present a novel, scalable approach for constructing open set, instance-level 3D scene representations, advancing open world understanding of 3D environments. Existing methods require pre-constructed 3D scenes and face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Rafay Mohiuddin , Sai Manoj Prakhya , Fiona Collins , Ziyuan Liu , André Borrmann

3D open-vocabulary scene understanding aims to recognize arbitrary novel categories beyond the base label space. However, existing works not only fail to fully utilize all the available modal information in the 3D domain but also lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Qingdong He , Jinlong Peng , Zhengkai Jiang , Kai Wu , Xiaozhong Ji , Jiangning Zhang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Mingang Chen , Yunsheng Wu

When trained at a sufficient scale, self-supervised learning has exhibited a notable ability to solve a wide range of visual or language understanding tasks. In this paper, we investigate simple, yet effective approaches for adapting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Chaofan Ma , Yuhuan Yang , Yanfeng Wang , Ya Zhang , Weidi Xie

Recent vision-language pre-training models have exhibited remarkable generalization ability in zero-shot recognition tasks. Previous open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding methods mostly focus on training 3D models using either image or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ruihuang Li , Zhengqiang Zhang , Chenhang He , Zhiyuan Ma , Vishal M. Patel , Lei Zhang

Autonomous vision applications in production, intralogistics, or manufacturing environments require perception capabilities beyond a small, fixed set of classes. Recent open-vocabulary methods, leveraging 2D Vision-Language Foundation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Keno Moenck , Adrian Philip Florea , Julian Koch , Thorsten Schüppstuhl

Functional 3D scene graphs offer a versatile and flexible representation for 3D scene understanding and robotic manipulation, defined by object nodes, interactive elements, and functional relationship edges. However, their potential remains…

The lack of a large-scale 3D-text corpus has led recent works to distill open-vocabulary knowledge from vision-language models (VLMs). However, these methods typically rely on a single VLM to align the feature spaces of 3D models within a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jinlong Li , Cristiano Saltori , Fabio Poiesi , Nicu Sebe

We describe an approach to predict open-vocabulary 3D semantic voxel occupancy map from input 2D images with the objective of enabling 3D grounding, segmentation and retrieval of free-form language queries. This is a challenging problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Antonin Vobecky , Oriane Siméoni , David Hurych , Spyros Gidaris , Andrei Bursuc , Patrick Pérez , Josef Sivic

Understanding 3D scenes is pivotal for autonomous driving, robotics, and augmented reality. Recent semantic Gaussian Splatting approaches leverage large-scale 2D vision models to project 2D semantic features onto 3D scenes. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tianyu Huang , Runnan Chen , Dongting Hu , Fengming Huang , Mingming Gong , Tongliang Liu

Open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation is cutting-edge for its ability to segment 3D instances without predefined categories. However, progress in 3D lags behind its 2D counterpart due to limited annotated 3D data. To address this, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Mi Yan , Jiazhao Zhang , Yan Zhu , He Wang

Open-vocabulary semantic mapping enables robots to spatially ground previously unseen concepts without requiring predefined class sets. Current training-free methods commonly rely on multi-view fusion of semantic embeddings into a 3D map,…

Open-vocabulary 3D object detection (OV-3DDet) aims to localize and recognize both seen and previously unseen object categories within any new 3D scene. While language and vision foundation models have achieved success in handling various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Pengkun Jiao , Na Zhao , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

Foundation models have exhibited unprecedented capabilities in tackling many domains and tasks. Models such as CLIP are currently widely used to bridge cross-modal representations, and text-to-image diffusion models are arguably the leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Barbara Toniella Corradini , Mustafa Shukor , Paul Couairon , Guillaume Couairon , Franco Scarselli , Matthieu Cord

Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding is pivotal for enhancing physical intelligence, as it enables embodied agents to interpret and interact dynamically within real-world environments. This paper introduces MPEC, a novel Masked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yan Wang , Baoxiong Jia , Ziyu Zhu , Siyuan Huang

Current 3D scene segmentation methods are heavily dependent on manually annotated 3D training datasets. Such manual annotations are labor-intensive, and often lack fine-grained details. Importantly, models trained on this data typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Rui Huang , Songyou Peng , Ayca Takmaz , Federico Tombari , Marc Pollefeys , Shiji Song , Gao Huang , Francis Engelmann

Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding presents a significant challenge in computer vision, with wide-ranging applications in embodied agents and augmented reality systems. Existing methods adopt neurel rendering methods as 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Jun Guo , Xiaojian Ma , Yue Fan , Huaping Liu , Qing Li

In this paper, we propose a training scheme called OVSeg3R to learn open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation from well-studied 2D perception models with the aid of 3D reconstruction. OVSeg3R directly adopts reconstructed scenes from 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hongyang Li , Jinyuan Qu , Lei Zhang

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation enables models to recognize and segment objects from arbitrary natural language descriptions, offering the flexibility to handle novel, fine-grained, or functionally defined categories beyond fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chongyu Wang , Kunlei Jing , Jihua Zhu , Di Wang

Unlike closed-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation that is often trained end-to-end, open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation (OV-3DIS) often leverages vision-language models (VLMs) to generate 3D instance proposals and classify them. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Sanghun Jung , Jingjing Zheng , Ke Zhang , Nan Qiao , Albert Y. C. Chen , Lu Xia , Chi Liu , Yuyin Sun , Xiao Zeng , Hsiang-Wei Huang , Byron Boots , Min Sun , Cheng-Hao Kuo

3D scene understanding has been transformed by open-vocabulary language models that enable interaction via natural language. However, at present the evaluation of these representations is limited to datasets with closed-set semantics that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Christina Kassab , Sacha Morin , Martin Büchner , Matías Mattamala , Kumaraditya Gupta , Abhinav Valada , Liam Paull , Maurice Fallon