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Tabular data, widely used in industries like healthcare, finance, and transportation, presents unique challenges for deep learning due to its heterogeneous nature and lack of spatial structure. This survey reviews the evolution of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Shriyank Somvanshi , Subasish Das , Syed Aaqib Javed , Gian Antariksa , Ahmed Hossain

In binary classification, there are situations where negative (N) data are too diverse to be fully labeled and we often resort to positive-unlabeled (PU) learning in these scenarios. However, collecting a non-representative N set that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Yu-Guan Hsieh , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Despite recent advancements in deep learning, deep neural networks continue to suffer from performance degradation when applied to new data that differs from training data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to address this challenge by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Sanghun Jung , Jungsoo Lee , Nanhee Kim , Amirreza Shaban , Byron Boots , Jaegul Choo

We study model-agnostic post-hoc calibration methods intended to improve probabilistic predictions in supervised binary classification on real i.i.d. tabular data, with particular emphasis on conformal and Venn-based approaches that provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Valery Manokhin , Daniel Grønhaug

The performance of a constraint model can often be improved by converting a subproblem into a single table constraint (referred to as tabulation). Finding subproblems to tabulate is traditionally a manual and time-intensive process, even…

In-context learners like TabPFN are promising for biomolecule efficacy prediction, where established molecular feature sets and relevant experimental results can serve as powerful contextual examples. However, their performance is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jie Li , Andrew McCarthy , Zhizhuo Zhang , Stephen Young

Tabular deep-learning methods require embedding numerical and categorical input features into high-dimensional spaces before processing them. Existing methods deal with this heterogeneous nature of tabular data by employing separate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Boshko Koloski , Andrei Margeloiu , Xiangjian Jiang , Blaž Škrlj , Nikola Simidjievski , Mateja Jamnik

Tabular data poses unique challenges for deep learning due to its heterogeneous feature types, lack of spatial structure, and often limited sample sizes. We propose TabNSA, a novel deep learning framework that integrates Native Sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ali Eslamian , Qiang Cheng

In this work, we study TabPFN as a training-free, modular summary network for simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI). Tabular foundation models such as TabPFN are pretrained on broad families of synthetic tabular data-generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Elliot Pickens , Chiraag Gohel , Sidharth Satya

Recently, TabPFN has gained attention as a foundation model for tabular data. However, it struggles to integrate heterogeneous modalities such as images and text, which are common in domains like healthcare and marketing, thereby limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Wall Kim , Chaeyoung Song , Hanul Kim

The performance of deep neural networks scales with dataset size and label quality, rendering the efficient mitigation of low-quality data annotations crucial for building robust and cost-effective systems. Existing strategies to address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Francesco Di Salvo , Sebastian Doerrich , Ines Rieger , Christian Ledig

Shapley values have become a cornerstone of explainable AI, but they are computationally expensive to use, especially when features are dependent. Evaluating them requires approximating a large number of conditional expectations, either via…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Lars Henry Berge Olsen , Dennis Christensen

Large language models (LLMs) perform remarkably well on tabular datasets in zero- and few-shot settings, since they can extract meaning from natural language column headers that describe features and labels. Similarly, TabPFN, a recent…

Non-parametric distributional regression has achieved significant milestones in recent years. Among these, the Tabular Prior-Data Fitted Network (TabPFN) has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on various benchmarks. However, a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-12 Jonas Landsgesell

The advent of artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced credit scoring technologies. Despite the remarkable efficacy of advanced deep learning models, mainstream adoption continues to favor tree-structured models due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xia Li , Hanghang Zheng , Xiwei Zhuang , Zhong Wang , Xiao Chen , Hong Liu , Jasmine Bai , Mao Mao

Foundation models pretrained on large data have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities across domains. Building on the success of TabPFN for tabular data and its recent extension to time series, we investigate whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jeongwhan Choi , Woosung Kang , Minseo Kim , Jongwoo Kim , Noseong Park

Tabular neural network (NN) has attracted remarkable attentions and its recent advances have gradually narrowed the performance gap with respect to tree-based models on many public datasets. While the mainstreams focus on calibrating NN to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xuan Li , Yun Wang , Bo Li

Standard tabular benchmarks mainly focus on the evaluation of a model's capability to interpolate values inside a data manifold, where models good at performing local statistical smoothing are rewarded. However, there exists a very large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zerui Cheng , Jiashuo Liu , Jianzhu Yao , Pramod Viswanath , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang

In real-world scenarios, tabular data often suffer from distribution shifts that threaten the performance of machine learning models. Despite its prevalence and importance, handling distribution shifts in the tabular domain remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Changhun Kim , Taewon Kim , Seungyeon Woo , June Yong Yang , Eunho Yang

Tabular Foundation Models have recently established the state of the art in supervised tabular learning, by leveraging pretraining to learn generalizable representations of numerical and categorical structured data. However, they lack…