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Electric power systems are undergoing fundamental change. The shift to inverter-based generation challenges frequency stability, while growing digitalisation heightens vulnerability to errors and attacks. Here we identify an emerging risk…
As the integration of digital technologies and communication systems continues within distribution grids, new avenues emerge to tackle energy transition challenges. Nevertheless, this deeper technological immersion amplifies the necessity…
Large scale power failures induced by severe weather have become frequent and damaging in recent years, causing millions of people to be without electricity service for days. Although the power industry has been battling weather-induced…
This paper presents considerations towards an information and control architecture for future electric energy systems driven by massive changes resulting from the societal goals of decarbonization and electrification. This paper describes…
In a world of ever-increasing systems interdependence, effective cybersecurity policy design seems to be one of the most critically understudied elements of our national security strategy. Enterprise cyber technologies are often implemented…
Due to the increasing share of renewable energy resources and the emergence of couplings of different energy carrier grids, which may support the electricity networks by providing additional flexibility, conducting research on the…
A significant amount of society's infrastructure can be modeled using graph structures, from electric and communication grids, to traffic networks, to social networks. Each of these domains are also susceptible to the cascading spread of…
The emergence of quantum computing presents a double-edged sword for cybersecurity. While its immense power holds promise for advancements in various fields, it also threatens to crack the foundation of current encryption methods. This…
Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are widely used in critical infrastructures that face various cyberattacks causing physical damage. With the increasing integration of the ICSs and information technology (IT), ensuring the security of ICSs…
Model-based evaluation in cybersecurity has a long history. Attack Graphs (AGs) and Attack Trees (ATs) were the earlier developed graphical security models for cybersecurity analysis. However, they have limitations (e.g., scalability…
In recent years, advanced sensors, intelligent automation, communication networks, and information technologies have been integrated into the electric grid to enhance its performance and efficiency. Integrating these new technologies has…
This paper surveys the latest on Smart Grid security. It focuses on the deep understanding of the risk in terms of threats, vulnerabilities and consequences that arise from cyber-attacks.
The UK Critical National Infrastructure is critically dependent on digital technologies that provide communications, monitoring, control, and decision-support functionalities. Digital technologies are progressively enhancing efficiency,…
Complex interconnections between information technology and digital control systems have significantly increased cybersecurity vulnerabilities in smart grids. Cyberattacks involving data integrity can be very disruptive because of their…
Smart grids integrate communication systems with power networks to enable power grids operation and command through real-time data collection and control signals. Designing, analyzing, and simulating smart grid infrastructures as well as…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) use computational resources to control physical process and provide critical services. For this reason, an attack in these systems may have dangerous consequences in the physical world. Hence, resilience is a…
Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) refers to the electromagnetic response of the Earth and its conductive modern infrastructures to space weather and would pose a significant threat to high-voltage power grids designed for the…
Cyber security threats to the payment and banking system have become a worldwide menace. The phenomenon has forced financial institutions to take risks as part of their business model. Hence, deliberate investment in sophisticated…
The electricity grid has evolved from a physical system to a cyber-physical system with digital devices that perform measurement, control, communication, computation, and actuation. The increased penetration of distributed energy resources…
Increased coupling between critical infrastructure networks, such as power and communication systems, will have important implications for the reliability and security of these systems. To understand the effects of power-communication…