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Due to its crucial role in identity and access management in modern enterprise networks, Active Directory (AD) is a top target of Advanced Persistence Threat (APT) actors. Conventional intrusion detection systems (IDS) excel at identifying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Qi Liu , Kaibin Bao , Wajih Ul Hassan , Veit Hagenmeyer

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to adversarial prompts that exploit semantic ambiguities to bypass safety mechanisms, resulting in harmful or inappropriate outputs. Such attacks, including jailbreaking and prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiang Fang , Wanlong Fang

AI-generated text (AIGT) detection evasion aims to reduce the detection probability of AIGT, helping to identify weaknesses in detectors and enhance their effectiveness and reliability in practical applications. Although existing evasion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yinghan Zhou , Juan Wen , Wanli Peng , Zhengxian Wu , Ziwei Zhang , Yiming Xue

With frequently evolving Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) in cyberspace, traditional security solutions approaches have become inadequate for threat hunting for organizations. Moreover, SOC (Security Operation Centers) analysts are often…

The volume, variety, and velocity of change in vulnerabilities and exploits have made incident threat analysis challenging with human expertise and experience along. Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs) are to describe how and why…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Reza Fayyazi , Shanchieh Jay Yang

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are stealthy customized attacks by intelligent adversaries. This paper deals with the detection of APTs that infiltrate cyber systems and compromise specifically targeted data and/or infrastructures.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Shana Moothedath , Dinuka Sahabandu , Joey Allen , Andrew Clark , Linda Bushnell , Wenke Lee , Radha Poovendran

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a severe challenge to cyber defense due to their stealthy behavior and the extreme class imbalance inherent in detection datasets. To address these issues, we propose a novel active learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Provenance-based Intrusion Detection Systems (PIDSes) have been widely used to detect Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). Although many studies achieve high performance in the evaluations of their original papers, their performance in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yue Xiao , Ling Jiang , Sen Nie , Ding Li , Shi Wu , Ke Xu , Qi Li

The need for countering Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks has led to the solutions that ubiquitously monitor system activities in each enterprise host, and perform timely attack investigation over the monitoring data for uncovering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Peng Gao , Xusheng Xiao , Zhichun Li , Kangkook Jee , Fengyuan Xu , Sanjeev R. Kulkarni , Prateek Mittal

We present a novel evaluation paradigm for AI text detectors that prioritizes real-world and equitable assessment. Current approaches predominantly report conventional metrics like AUROC, overlooking that even modest false positive rates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Navid Ayoobi , Sadat Shahriar , Arjun Mukherjee

Cyber supply chain, encompassing digital asserts, software, hardware, has become an essential component of modern Information and Communications Technology (ICT) provisioning. However, the growing inter-dependencies have introduced numerous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Zhuoran Tan , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Jeremy Singer

Architectural tactics (ATs), as the concrete implementation of architectural decisions in code, address non-functional requirements of software systems. Due to the implicit nature of architectural knowledge in code implementation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Lingli Cao , He Zhang , Shanshan Li , Danyang Li , Yanjing Yang , Chenxing Zhong , Xin Zhou , Yue Xie

This project explores large language models (LLMs) for anomaly detection across heterogeneous log sources. Traditional intrusion detection systems suffer from high false positive rates, semantic blindness, and data scarcity, as logs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yassine Chagna , Antal Goldschmidt

Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) pose a major cybersecurity challenge due to their stealth, persistence, and adaptability. Traditional machine learning detectors struggle with class imbalance, high dimensional features, and scarce real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely integrated into critical automated workflows, including contract review and job application processes. However, LLMs are susceptible to manipulation by fraudulent information, which can lead to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Naen Xu , Jinghuai Zhang , Ping He , Chunyi Zhou , Jun Wang , Zhihui Fu , Tianyu Du , Zhaoxiang Wang , Shouling Ji

Advanced attack campaigns span across multiple stages and stay stealthy for long time periods. There is a growing trend of attackers using off-the-shelf tools and pre-installed system applications (such as \emph{powershell} and \emph{wmic})…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Aditya Kuppa , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Muhammad Rizwan Asghar , Nhien-An Le-Khac

Despite its technological benefits, Internet of Things (IoT) has cyber weaknesses due to the vulnerabilities in the wireless medium. Machine learning (ML)-based methods are widely used against cyber threats in IoT networks with promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zhiyan Chen , Jinxin Liu , Yu Shen , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Hussein T. Mouftah , Petar Djukic

The current cybersecurity landscape is increasingly complex, with traditional Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools struggling to capture complex and emerging vulnerabilities due to their reliance on rule-based matching.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Mete Keltek , Rong Hu , Mohammadreza Fani Sani , Ziyue Li

Cyber attacks targeting Industrial Control Systems (ICS) have become increasingly sophisticated and hard to identify. Detecting such attacks requires integrating low-level behavioral cues with high-level semantic interpretation, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Konstantinos E. Kampourakis , Vasileios Gkioulos , Sokratis Katsikas

Advanced Persistent Threats or APTs are big challenges to the security of government organizations or industry systems. These threats may result in stealth attacks, but if the attack is confronted before the attacker end goal has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Rudra Prasad Baksi , Shambhu J. Upadhyaya