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Quantum protocols on hardware are subject to noise that prohibits performance. Protocols for addressing errors, such as error correction or error mitigation, may fail to combat errors in quantum computation if noise violates critical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Riddhi S. Gupta , Salini Karuvade , Kerstin Beer , Laura J. Henderson , Sally Shrapnel

Developing methods to accurately characterize and mitigate the impact of noise is crucial for enhancing the fidelity of quantum simulations on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. In this work, we present a circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Ruizhe Shen , Tianqi Chen , Ching Hua Lee

Quantum multiparameter estimation involves estimating multiple parameters simultaneously and can be more precise than estimating them individually. Our interest here is to determine fundamental quantum limits to the achievable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-26 Shibdas Roy

Noise dominates every aspect of near-term quantum computers, rendering it exceedingly difficult to carry out even small computations. In this paper we are concerned with the modelling of noise in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-20 Konstantinos Georgopoulos , Clive Emary , Paolo Zuliani

We investigate the effects of noise on parameterised quantum circuits using spectral analysis and classical signal processing tools. For different noise models, we quantify the additional, higher frequency modes in the output signal caused…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-11 Enrico Fontana , Ivan Rungger , Ross Duncan , Cristina Cîrstoiu

State-of-the-art noisy-intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors are currently implemented across a variety of hardware platforms, each with their own distinct gatesets. As such, circuit compilation should not only be aware of, but also…

Dynamics of many-qubit systems, that may correspond to computational processing with quantum systems, can be efficiently and generally approximated by a sequence of two- and single-qubit gates. In practical applications, however, a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-06 Joonwoo Bae , Tanmay Singal

Complex quantum networks are not only hard to establish, but also difficult to simulate due to the exponentially growing state space and noise-induced imperfections. In this work, we propose an alternative approach that leverage quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Ferran Riera-Sàbat , Jorge Miguel-Ramiro , Wolfgang Dür

Noisy and Intermediate-Scale Quantum, or NISQ, processors are sensitive to noise, prone to quantum decoherence, and are not yet capable of continuous quantum error correction for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Hence, quantum algorithms…

We consider protocols for estimating the parameter in a single-parameter unital qubit channel, assuming that the available initial states are highly mixed with very low purity. We compare two protocols, each invoking the channel once, via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 David Collins , Taylor Larrechea

Noisy-Intermediate-Scale-Quantum (NISQ) devices are nowadays starting to become available to the final user, hence potentially allowing to show the quantum speedups predicted by the quantum information theory. However, before implementing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-02 Paolo Braccia , Leonardo Banchi , Filippo Caruso

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections is a major challenge in quantum computing. Here, we present an approach based on applying a desired unitary computation in superposition between the system of interest and some auxiliary…

Unambiguous unitary maps and unambiguous unitary quantum channels are introduced and some of their properties are derived. These properties ensure certain simple form for the measurements involved in realizing an unambiguous unitary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-14 Shengjun Wu , Xuemei Chen

The successful implementation of algorithms on quantum processors relies on the accurate control of quantum bits (qubits) to perform logic gate operations. In this era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, systematic…

Quantum-enhanced parameter estimation has widespread applications in many fields. An important issue is to protect the estimation precision against the noise-induced decoherence. Here we develop a general theoretical framework for improving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-03 Yao Ma , Mi Pang , Libo Chen , Wen Yang

A generic qubit unitary operator affected by depolarizing noise is duplicated and inserted in a quantum switch process realizing a superposition of causal orders. The characterization of the resulting switched quantum channel is worked out…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Francois Chapeau-Blondeau

We propose using variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to simulate established quantum algorithms under realistic noise conditions, aiming to surpass the fidelity of theoretical circuits in noisy environments. Focusing on the Quantum…

Unital quantum channels, defined by their property of leaving the maximally mixed state invariant, form an important class of quantum operations. A distinguished subset of these channels can be represented as a probabilistic mixture of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Charlotte Bäcker , Konstantin Beyer , Walter T. Strunz

Quantum computers have enabled solving problems beyond the current computers' capabilities. However, this requires handling noise arising from unwanted interactions in these systems. Several protocols have been proposed to address efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-14 Ali Shaib , Mohamad H. Naim , Mohammed E. Fouda , Rouwaida Kanj , Fadi Kurdahi

We present a nonintrusive method for reliably estimating the noise level during quantum computation and quantum communication protected by quantum error-correcting codes. As preprocessing of quantum error correction, our scheme estimates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-27 Yuichiro Fujiwara