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Partial Differential Equation (PDE) problems often exhibit strong local spatial structures, and effectively capturing these structures is critical for approximating their solutions. Recently, the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chaoyu Liu , Davide Murari , Lihao Liu , Yangming Li , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Despite the remarkable successes of general-purpose neural networks, such as MLPs and Transformers, we find that they exhibit notable shortcomings in modeling and reasoning about periodic phenomena, achieving only marginal performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yihong Dong , Ge Li , Yongding Tao , Xue Jiang , Kechi Zhang , Jia Li , Jinliang Deng , Jing Su , Jun Zhang , Jingjing Xu

Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) have become one of the fundamental architectural component in point cloud analysis due to its effective feature learning mechanism. However, when processing complex geometric structures in point clouds, MLPs'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yan Shi , Qingdong He , Yijun Liu , Xiaoyu Liu , Jingyong Su

Traditionally, neural networks have been employed to learn the mapping between finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces. However, recent research has opened up new horizons, focusing on the utilization of deep neural networks to learn operators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Somdatta Goswami , Dimitris G. Giovanis , Bowei Li , Seymour M. J. Spence , Michael D. Shields

Neural operators are becoming the default tools to learn solutions to governing partial differential equations (PDEs) in weather and ocean forecasting applications. Despite early promising achievements, significant challenges remain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Vahidreza Jahanmard , Ali Ramezani-Kebrya , Robinson Hordoir

In traditional neural network architectures, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) is typically employed as a classification block following the feature extraction stage. However, the Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) presents a promising alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Valeriy Lobanov , Nikita Firsov , Evgeny Myasnikov , Roman Khabibullin , Artem Nikonorov

Recent advancements in neural network design have given rise to the development of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs), which enhance speed, interpretability, and precision. This paper presents the Fractional Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (fKAN),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Alireza Afzal Aghaei

Recent advancements in operator-type neural networks have shown promising results in approximating the solutions of spatiotemporal Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). However, these neural networks often entail considerable training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Shuhao Cao , Francesco Brarda , Ruipeng Li , Yuanzhe Xi

In resource constraint settings, adaptation to downstream classification tasks involves fine-tuning the final layer of a classifier (i.e. classification head) while keeping rest of the model weights frozen. Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Abdullah Al Imran , Md Farhan Ishmam

We propose an extended Fourier neural operator (FNO) architecture for learning state and linear quadratic additive optimal control of systems governed by partial differential equations. Using the Ehrenpreis-Palamodov fundamental principle,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhexian Li , Ketan Savla

In the study of subsurface seismic imaging, solving the acoustic wave equation is a pivotal component in existing models. The advancement of deep learning enables solving partial differential equations, including wave equations, by applying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Bian Li , Hanchen Wang , Shihang Feng , Xiu Yang , Youzuo Lin

Interfacial dynamics underlie a wide range of phenomena, including phase transitions, microstructure coarsening, pattern formation, and thin-film growth, and are typically described by stiff, time-dependent nonlinear partial differential…

Neural operators extend data-driven models to map between infinite-dimensional functional spaces. While these operators perform effectively in either the time or frequency domain, their performance may be limited when applied to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Karn Tiwari , N M Anoop Krishnan , A P Prathosh

The architecture of a neural network and the selection of its activation function are both fundamental to its performance. Equally vital is ensuring these two elements are well-matched, as their alignment is key to achieving effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shijun Zhang , Hongkai Zhao , Yimin Zhong , Haomin Zhou

Recent advancements in both representation learning and function learning have demonstrated substantial promise across diverse domains of artificial intelligence. However, the effective integration of these paradigms poses a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yunhong He , Yifeng Xie , Zhengqing Yuan , Lichao Sun

The demand for high-performance materials, along with advanced synthesis technologies such as additive manufacturing and 3D printing, has spurred the development of hierarchical composites with superior properties. However, computational…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-20 Meer Mehran Rashid , Souvik Chakraborty , N. M. Anoop Krishnan

Neural operators, such as Fourier Neural Operators (FNO), form a principled approach for learning solution operators for PDEs and other mappings between function spaces. However, many real-world problems require high-resolution training…

Computational materials discovery is limited by the high cost of first-principles calculations. Machine learning (ML) potentials that predict energies from crystal structures are promising, but existing methods face computational…

Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) have inspired numerous works exploring their applications across a wide range of scientific problems, with the potential to replace Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). While many KANs are designed using basis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hoang-Thang Ta , Anh Tran

Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) relocate learnable nonlinearities from nodes to edges, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in scientific machine learning and interpretable modeling. However, current KAN implementations suffer from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Alastair Poole , Stig McArthur , Saravan Kumar