Related papers: Structural constraints to compare phenomenal exper…

This document will review the most prominent proposals using multilayer convolutional architectures. Importantly, the various components of a typical convolutional network will be discussed through a review of different approaches that base…

For two causal structures with the same set of visible variables, one is said to observationally dominate the other if the set of distributions over the visible variables realizable by the first contains the set of distributions over the…

We investigate the possible origin of hierarchical structures in complex systems describable in terms of a finite and small number of parameters which control the behavioral pattern at each level of organization. We argue that the…

Structural causal models describe how the components of a robotic system interact. They provide both structural and functional information about the relationships that are present in the system. The structural information outlines the…

Scenarios elicit possibilities that may be ignored otherwise, as well as causal relations between them. Even when too little information is available to assess reliable probabilities, the structure of linkages between evoked alternatives…

In the development of operational semantics of concurrent systems, a key decision concerns the adoption of a suitable notion of execution model, which basically amounts to choosing a class of partial orders according to which events are…

We study the evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma on two social networks obtained from actual relational data. We find very different cooperation levels on each of them that can not be easily understood in terms of global statistical properties…

In this paper, we consider to what degree the structure of a linear system is determined by the system's input/output behavior. The structure of a linear system is a directed graph where the vertices represent the variables in the system…

Biological systems, from a cell to the human brain, are inherently complex. A powerful representation of such systems, described by an intricate web of relationships across multiple scales, is provided by complex networks. Recently, several…

Among the various forms of reasoning studied in the context of artificial intelligence, qualitative reasoning makes it possible to infer new knowledge in the context of imprecise, incomplete information without numerical values. In this…

To construct models of large, multivariate complex systems, such as those in biology, one needs to constrain which variables are allowed to interact. This can be viewed as detecting "local" structures among the variables. In the context of…

Conscious experience is awash with underlying relationships. Moreover, for various brain regions such as the visual cortex, the system is biased toward some states. Representing this bias using a probability distribution shows that the…

Life systems are complex and hierarchical, with diverse components at different scales, yet they sustain themselves, grow, and evolve over time. How can a theory of such complex biological states be developed? Here we note that for a…

The persistence of biodiversity of species is a challenging proposition in ecological communities in the face of Darwinian selection. The present article investigates beyond the pairwise competitive interactions and provides a novel…

Psychosocial constructs can only be assessed indirectly, and measures are typically formed by a combination of indicators that are thought to relate to the construct. Reflective and formative measurement models offer different…

The human brain is organized as a complex network, where connections between regions are characterized by both functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC). While previous studies have primarily focused on network-level…

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expands nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of correlation structure from sampling design in studies where…

What do societies, the Internet, and the human brain have in common? They are all examples of complex relational systems, whose emerging behaviours are largely determined by the non-trivial networks of interactions among their constituents,…

The mathematical formalisms used to model biological systems induce both latent and ambiguous assumptions that can limit or distort their representational capabilities. Developing formalisms that can represent systems more precisely is…

Biologists and physicists have a rich tradition of modeling living systems with simple models composed of a few interacting components. Despite the remarkable success of this approach, it remains unclear how to use such finely tuned models…