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Estimating the parameters of mathematical models is a common problem in almost all branches of science. However, this problem can prove notably difficult when processes and model descriptions become increasingly complex and an explicit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-09 Stefan T. Radev , Ulf K. Mertens , Andreas Voss , Lynton Ardizzone , Ullrich Köthe

Generating novel crystalline materials has the potential to lead to advancements in fields such as electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. The defining characteristic of crystals is their symmetry, which plays a central role in…

Flow-based generative models have recently shown impressive performance for conditional generation tasks, such as text-to-image generation. However, current methods transform a general unimodal noise distribution to a specific mode of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Noam Issachar , Mohammad Salama , Raanan Fattal , Sagie Benaim

Distribution-to-distribution generative models support scientific imaging tasks ranging from modeling cellular perturbation responses to translating medical images across conditions. Trustworthy generation requires reliability, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Dongxia Wu , Yuhui Zhang , Serena Yeung-Levy , Emma Lundberg , Emily B. Fox

Crystal generative models have shown rapid progress for accelerating the discovery of bulk, periodic materials. However, many material systems such as 2D superconductors, thin film semiconductors, and catalytic surfaces are diperiodic,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-12 Rees Chang , Andrew Novick , Ryan P Adams , Elif Ertekin

By chaining a sequence of differentiable invertible transformations, normalizing flows (NF) provide an expressive method of posterior approximation, exact density evaluation, and sampling. The trend in normalizing flow literature has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Robert Giaquinto , Arindam Banerjee

Diffusion and flow matching approaches to generative modeling have shown promise in domains where the state space is continuous, such as image generation or protein folding & design, and discrete, exemplified by diffusion large language…

Crystal structure prediction is a long-standing challenge in materials science, with most data-driven methods developed for inorganic systems. This leaves an important gap for organic crystals, which are central to pharmaceuticals,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-25 Mohammadmahdi Vahediahmar , Matthew A. McDonald , Feng Liu

Generative Foundation Models (GFMs) have achieved remarkable success in producing high-quality synthetic data for images and text. However, their application to tabular data presents significant challenges due to the heterogeneous nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Xiaofeng Lin , Chenheng Xu , Matthew Yang , Guang Cheng

A crucial task in predictive maintenance is estimating the remaining useful life of physical systems. In the last decade, deep learning has improved considerably upon traditional model-based and statistical approaches in terms of predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Luca Della Libera , Jacopo Andreoli , Davide Dalle Pezze , Mirco Ravanelli , Gian Antonio Susto

Stochastic processes that involve the creation of objects and relations over time are widespread, but relatively poorly studied. For example, accurate fault diagnosis in factory assembly processes requires inferring the probabilities of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-09-13 P. Domingos , S. Sanghai , D. Weld

Generating high-quality time series data has emerged as a critical research topic due to its broad utility in supporting downstream time series mining tasks. A major challenge lies in modeling the intrinsic stochasticity of temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 He Panjing , Cheng Mingyue , Li Li , Zhang XiaoHan

In this paper, we propose Continuous Graph Flow, a generative continuous flow based method that aims to model complex distributions of graph-structured data. Once learned, the model can be applied to an arbitrary graph, defining a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Zhiwei Deng , Megha Nawhal , Lili Meng , Greg Mori

Generative modeling has emerged as a promising approach for crystal structure discovery. However, existing LLM-based generative models struggle with low-level atomic precision, while diffusion-based methods fall short in integrating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yuyang Wu , Stefano Falletta , Delia McGrath , Sherry Yang

Virtual instrument generation requires maintaining consistent timbre across different pitches and velocities, a challenge that existing note-level models struggle to address. We present FlowSynth, which combines distributional flow matching…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Qihui Yang , Randal Leistikow , Yongyi Zang

Modern Bayesian inference involves a mixture of computational techniques for estimating, validating, and drawing conclusions from probabilistic models as part of principled workflows for data analysis. Typical problems in Bayesian workflows…

Application of artificial intelligence (AI) has been ubiquitous in the growth of research in the areas of basic sciences. Frequent use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) based methodologies by researchers has resulted in…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-10 Shrimon Mukherjee , Madhusudan Ghosh , Partha Basuchowdhuri

Generative modeling of crystalline materials using diffusion models presents a series of challenges: the data distribution is characterized by inherent symmetries and involves multiple modalities, with some defined on specific manifolds.…

The ionic bonding across the lattice and ordered microscopic structures endow crystals with unique symmetry and determine their macroscopic properties. Unconventional crystals, in particular, exhibit non-traditional lattice structures or…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-04 Hongyi Wang , Ji Sun , Jinzhe Liang , Li Zhai , Zitian Tang , Zijian Li , Wei Zhai , Xusheng Wang , Weihao Gao , Sheng Gong

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful generative modeling approach with flexible choices of source distribution. While Gaussian distributions are commonly used, the potential for better alternatives in high-dimensional data generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Junho Lee , Kwanseok Kim , Joonseok Lee