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Increasingly, statisticians are faced with the task of analyzing complex data that are non-Euclidean and specifically do not lie in a vector space. To address the need for statistical methods for such data, we introduce the concept of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-05 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

Advancements in modern science have led to the increasing availability of non-Euclidean data in metric spaces. This paper addresses the challenge of modeling relationships between non-Euclidean responses and multivariate Euclidean…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-13 Su I Iao , Yidong Zhou , Hans-Georg Müller

Fr\'echet regression extends the principles of linear regression to accommodate responses valued in generic metric spaces. While this approach has primarily focused on exploring relationships between Euclidean predictors and non-Euclidean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Chang Jun Im , Jeong Min Jeon

Fr\'echet regression is becoming a mainstay in modern data analysis for analyzing non-traditional data types belonging to general metric spaces. This novel regression method is especially useful in the analysis of complex health data such…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-23 Abdul-Nasah Soale , Congli Ma , Siyu Chen , Obed Koomson

The Fr\'echet regression is a useful method for modeling random objects in a general metric space given Euclidean covariates. However, the conventional approach could be sensitive to outlying objects in the sense that the distance from the…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-21 Hao Li , Shonosuke Sugasawa , Shota Katayama

A nonparametric regression setting is considered with a real-valued covariate and responses from a metric space. One may approach this setting via Fr\'echet regression, where the value of the regression function at each point is estimated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-17 Christof Schötz

This article provides an exposition of recent methodologies for nonparametric analysis of digital observations on images and other non-Euclidean objects. Fr\'echet means of distributions on metric spaces, such as manifolds and stratified…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-04 Rabi Bhattacharya , Lizhen Lin

Local Fr\'echet regression is a nonparametric regression method for metric space valued responses and Euclidean predictors, which can be utilized to obtain estimates of smooth trajectories taking values in general metric spaces from noisy…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-07 Yaqing Chen , Hans-Georg Müller

The existing Fr\'echet regression is actually defined within a linear framework, since the weight function in the Fr\'echet objective function is linearly defined, and the resulting Fr\'echet regression function is identified to be a linear…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-28 Lu Lin , Ze Chen

Linear regression is widely used to model relationships between responses and predictors. In modern applications, one encounters data where the responses are non-Euclidean random objects situated in a metric space, paired with Euclidean…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Wookyeong Song , Paromita Dubey , Hans-Georg Müller , Alexander Petersen

Fr\'echet regression, or conditional Barycenters, is a flexible framework for modeling relationships between covariates (usually Euclidean) and response variables on general metric spaces, e.g., probability distributions or positive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Duc Toan Nguyen , César A. Uribe

As a growing number of problems involve variables that are random objects, the development of models for such data has become increasingly important. This paper introduces a novel varying-coefficient Fr\'echet regression model that extends…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-16 Yanzhao Wang , Jianqiang Zhang , Wangli Xu

Random forests are a statistical learning method widely used in many areas of scientific research because of its ability to learn complex relationships between input and output variables and also its capacity to handle high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-19 Louis Capitaine , Jérémie Bigot , Rodolphe Thiébaut , Robin Genuer

Recent advances in deep representation learning on Riemannian manifolds extend classical deep learning operations to better capture the geometry of the manifold. One possible extension is the Fr\'echet mean, the generalization of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-07 Aaron Lou , Isay Katsman , Qingxuan Jiang , Serge Belongie , Ser-Nam Lim , Christopher De Sa

Single index models provide an effective dimension reduction tool in regression, especially for high dimensional data, by projecting a general multivariate predictor onto a direction vector. We propose a novel single-index model for…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-13 Satarupa Bhattacharjee , Hans-Georg Müller

Local Fr'echet Regression (LFR) is a nonparametric regression method for settings in which the explanatory variable lies in a Euclidean space and the response variable lies in a metric space. It is used to estimate smooth trajectories in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Yuki Iida , Hiroshi Shiraishi , Hiroaki Ogata

Modern-day problems in statistics often face the challenge of exploring and analyzing complex non-Euclidean object data that do not conform to vector space structures or operations. Examples of such data objects include covariance matrices,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-30 Satarupa Bhattacharjee , Hans-Georg Mueller

Non-Euclidean data that are indexed with a scalar predictor such as time are increasingly encountered in data applications, while statistical methodology and theory for such random objects are not well developed yet. To address the need for…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-24 Zhenhua Lin , Hans-Georg Müller

Random objects are complex non-Euclidean data taking value in general metric space, possibly devoid of any underlying vector space structure. Such data are getting increasingly abundant with the rapid advancement in technology. Examples…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-13 Satarupa Bhattacharjee , Bing Li , Lingzhou Xue

This paper introduces a novel uncertainty quantification framework for regression models where the response takes values in a separable metric space, and the predictors are in a Euclidean space. The proposed algorithms can efficiently…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-09 Gábor Lugosi , Marcos Matabuena
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