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This work explores the nature of augmented importance sampling in safety-constrained model predictive control problems. When operating in a constrained environment, sampling based model predictive control and motion planning typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Manan Gandhi , Hassan Almubarak , Yuichiro Aoyama , Evangelos Theodorou

A common problem when using model predictive control (MPC) in practice is the satisfaction of safety specifications beyond the prediction horizon. While theoretical works have shown that safety can be guaranteed by enforcing a suitable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Ji Yin , Oswin So , Eric Yang Yu , Chuchu Fan , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a widely used method for ensuring the safety of robotic systems. Traditional approaches compute reachable sets by numerically solving an HJ Partial Differential Equation (PDE) over a grid, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Zeyuan Feng , Le Qiu , Somil Bansal

Sampling-based controllers, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methods, offer substantial flexibility but often suffer from high variance and low sample efficiency. To address these challenges, we introduce a hybrid…

Hamilton-Jacobi reachability methods for safety-critical control have been well studied, but the safety guarantees derived rely on the accuracy of the numerical computation. Thus, it is crucial to understand and account for any inaccuracies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-15 Nikolaus Vertovec , Sina Ober-Blöbaum , Kostas Margellos

Ensuring safe physical interaction between torque-controlled manipulators and humans is essential for deploying robots in everyday environments. Model Predictive Control (MPC) has emerged as a suitable framework thanks to its capacity to…

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis has been developed over the past decades into a widely-applicable tool for determining goal satisfaction and safety verification in nonlinear systems. While HJ reachability can be formulated very…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Vicenc Rubies-Royo , David Fridovich-Keil , Sylvia Herbert , Claire J. Tomlin

Optimizing trajectory costs for nonlinear control systems remains a significant challenge. Model Predictive Control (MPC), particularly sampling-based approaches such as the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) method, has recently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Fanxin Wang , Haolong Jiang , Chuyuan Tao , Wenbin Wan , Yikun Cheng

We present a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that implements Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) as an \emph{Ising machine}, suitable for novel forms of probabilistic computing. By expressing the control problem as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Lorin Werthen-Brabants , Pieter Simoens

Planning safe trajectories in Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is a complex problem to solve in real-time. The main challenge to solve this problem arises from the various conditions and constraints imposed by road geometry, semantics and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Mehdi Testouri , Gamal Elghazaly , Raphael Frank

Traditional approaches to motion modeling for skid-steer robots struggle with capturing nonlinear tire-terrain dynamics, especially during high-speed maneuvers. In this paper, we tackle such nonlinearities by enhancing a dynamic unicycle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ananya Trivedi , Sarvesh Prajapati , Anway Shirgaonkar , Mark Zolotas , Taskin Padir

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) is effective for nonlinear systems but often produces non-smooth control inputs due to random sampling. To address this issue, we extend the model predictive path integral (MPPI) framework with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Tai Hoang , Gerhard Neumann , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Classical proportional--integral--derivative (PID) control is widely employed in industrial applications; however, achieving higher performance often motivates the adoption of model predictive control (MPC). Although gradient-based methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Teruki Kato , Koshi Oishi , Seigo Ito

Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability-based filtering provides a powerful framework to co-optimize performance and safety (or liveness) for autonomous systems. Under this filtering scheme, a nominal controller is minimally modified to ensure…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Javier Borquez , Kaustav Chakraborty , Hao Wang , Somil Bansal

With the continuous advancement in autonomous systems, it becomes crucial to provide robust safety guarantees for safety-critical systems. Hamilton-Jacobi Reachability Analysis is a formal verification method that guarantees performance and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-01 Qian Wang , Tianhao Wu

Autonomous systems have witnessed a rapid increase in their capabilities, but it remains a challenge for them to perform tasks both effectively and safely. The fact that performance and safety can sometimes be competing objectives renders…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Hao Wang , Adityaya Dhande , Somil Bansal

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, such as model predictive path integral (MPPI), enable approximate, gradient-free solutions to optimal control problems by drawing samples from a proposal distribution, evaluating…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Daniel Frisch , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Learning-based approaches for controlling safety-critical systems are rapidly growing in popularity; thus, it is important to assure their performance and safety. Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a popular formal verification…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Albert Lin , Somil Bansal

Navigating safely in dynamic and uncertain environments is challenging due to uncertainties in perception and motion. This letter presents the Chance-Constrained Unscented Model Predictive Path Integral (C2U-MPPI) framework, a robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ihab S. Mohamed , Mahmoud Ali , Lantao Liu

Sampling-based model predictive control methods like MPPI and CEM are essential for real-time control of nonlinear robotic systems, particularly where discontinuous dynamics preclude gradient-based optimization. However, these methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vincent Pacelli , Akash Ratheesh , Evangelos A. Theodorou