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Hyperparameters play a critical role in the performances of many machine learning methods. Determining their best settings or Hyperparameter Optimization (HPO) faces difficulties presented by the large number of hyperparameters as well as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-21 Yang Yang , Ke Deng , Michael Zhu

We provide theoretical and empirical evidence that using tighter evidence lower bounds (ELBOs) can be detrimental to the process of learning an inference network by reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the gradient estimator. Our results…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-07 Tom Rainforth , Adam R. Kosiorek , Tuan Anh Le , Chris J. Maddison , Maximilian Igl , Frank Wood , Yee Whye Teh

The tuning of hyperparameters becomes increasingly important as machine learning (ML) models have been extensively applied in data mining applications. Among various approaches, Bayesian optimization (BO) is a successful methodology to tune…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yang Li , Yu Shen , Huaijun Jiang , Tianyi Bai , Wentao Zhang , Ce Zhang , Bin Cui

Variational Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) perform variational inference over weights, but it is difficult to specify meaningful priors and approximate posteriors in a high-dimensional weight space. We introduce functional variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Shengyang Sun , Guodong Zhang , Jiaxin Shi , Roger Grosse

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) deployed to the real world are regularly subject to out-of-distribution (OoD) data, various types of noise, and shifting conceptual objectives. This paper proposes a framework for adapting to data distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Christopher Angelini , Nidhal Bouaynaya , Ghulam Rasool

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular method to optimize costly black-box functions. While traditional BO optimizes each new target task from scratch, meta-learning has emerged as a way to leverage knowledge from related tasks to optimize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jiarong Pan , Stefan Falkner , Felix Berkenkamp , Joaquin Vanschoren

Bayesian (deep) neural networks (BNN) are often more attractive than the vanilla point-estimate deep learning in various aspects including uncertainty quantification, robustness to noise, resistance to overfitting, and more. The variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Minyoung Kim

Bayesian optimization has become a successful tool for hyperparameter optimization of machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines or deep neural networks. Despite its success, for large datasets, training and validating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Aaron Klein , Stefan Falkner , Simon Bartels , Philipp Hennig , Frank Hutter

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) offers a resource-efficient way to personalize or specialize. However, LoRA is highly sensitive to hyperparameter choices, and exhaustive hyperparameter search is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Baek Seong-Eun , Lee Jung-Mok , Kim Sung-Bin , Tae-Hyun Oh

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a standard framework for inducing latent variable models that have been shown effective in learning text representations as well as in text generation. The key challenge with using VAEs is the {\it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Serhii Havrylov , Ivan Titov

Many crucial problems in deep learning and statistical inference are caused by a variational gap, i.e., a difference between model evidence (log-likelihood) and evidence lower bound (ELBO). In particular, in a classical VAE setting that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Łukasz Struski , Marcin Mazur , Paweł Batorski , Przemysław Spurek , Jacek Tabor

We develop an automated variational inference method for Bayesian structured prediction problems with Gaussian process (GP) priors and linear-chain likelihoods. Our approach does not need to know the details of the structured likelihood…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-15 Pietro Galliani , Amir Dezfouli , Edwin V. Bonilla , Novi Quadrianto

In Generalised Bayesian Inference (GBI), the learning rate and hyperparameters of the loss must be estimated. These inference-hyperparameters can't be estimated jointly with the other parameters, from the data, by giving them a prior.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Jeong Eun Lee , Sitong Liu , Geoff K. Nicholls

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely-used method for optimizing expensive (to evaluate) problems. At the core of most BO methods is the modeling of the objective function using a Gaussian Process (GP) whose covariance is selected from a…

Training machine learning models inherently involves a resource-intensive and noisy iterative learning procedure that allows epoch-wise monitoring of the model performance. However, the insights gained from the iterative learning procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Wenyu Wang , Zheyi Fan , Szu Hui Ng

Meta-Bayesian optimisation (meta-BO) aims to improve the sample efficiency of Bayesian optimisation by leveraging data from related tasks. While previous methods successfully meta-learn either a surrogate model or an acquisition function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Alexandre Maraval , Matthieu Zimmer , Antoine Grosnit , Haitham Bou Ammar

We introduce a stochastic variational inference procedure for training scalable Gaussian process (GP) models whose per-iteration complexity is independent of both the number of training points, $n$, and the number basis functions used in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-05 Trefor W. Evans , Prasanth B. Nair

This paper studies the problem of approximately unlearning a Bayesian model from a small subset of the training data to be erased. We frame this problem as one of minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the approximate posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Quoc Phong Nguyen , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Amortised inference enables scalable learning of sequential latent-variable models (LVMs) with the evidence lower bound (ELBO). In this setting, variational posteriors are often only partially conditioned. While the true posteriors depend,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Justin Bayer , Maximilian Soelch , Atanas Mirchev , Baris Kayalibay , Patrick van der Smagt

We explore a new research direction in Bayesian variational inference with discrete latent variable priors where we exploit Kronecker matrix algebra for efficient and exact computations of the evidence lower bound (ELBO). The proposed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-11 Trefor W. Evans , Prasanth B. Nair